英语介词有哪些及用法

经典用法：通过→This is the nearest road by which they came.在……时候→The young man works by day and steals money by night.由……所生→He has two sons by her second wife.抓住→She caught her child by his coat in the flood.按……计算→The farmers sell their apples by the pound.就(气质，特征)而言→He is an artist by temperament(气质).

英语介词是英语中用以表明词与词或词组间关系的语法结构性词类，其用法主要是将名词性词或词组置于所修饰或说明的句子成分之后，以表明该介词前后句子成分语义关系。英语介词（preposition 缩写为 prep.）是英语中非常重要的语法型结构词类。尽管英语介词在句中是一个不能单独作句子成分用的“小词”（许多介词都只有两三个字母），但它却是含有实际词义并表明修饰和被修饰句子成分之间语义关系的“大词”（错误地使用或理解会造成语义上的南辕北辙）。

1. 简单介词 at, in, on, to, since, until等。如：He"s worked there since 1998.2. 复合介词 into, onto, out of等。如：She is out of school. 她毕业了。3. 二重介词 from under, from behind, from out of, until after, except in等。如：I"m from out of town. 我是从城外来的。4. 短语介词 because of, instead of, in spite of等。如：I went back not because of the rain, but because I was tired.我回去不是因为下雨，而是因为我累了。