主谓要一致(谓语动词单复数受表语影响)
记录典型问题 分享教学方法
S:学生 T:老师
S:老师,主系表结构中,系动词的单复数取决于表语吗?比如:
what I need___(be)time and money.
T:what引导的主语从句, 谓语动词一般用单数形式;
(但是,最讨厌的事情发生了,此处存在“如果”。)
如果从句后的表语是复数形式,或从句本身表示复数意义,则谓语动词宜用复数形式。
原理很简单:
A is B, 也可以说成B is A。
即:Time and money are what I need.
S: 所以说,系动词的单复数受表语名词的影响了。即:
What I need are time and money.
T: 类似情况,再比如:
When to hold the meeting and where to hold itare two things.
When and where to hold the meeting hasn’t been decided.
What you saidis right.
结论:
由and连接的不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,其谓语动词主要根据句子的单复数概念决定用单数还是复数。
S: 老师,另外一个问题:
all作主语,谓语动词的单复数也根据句意来定?
T:代词all, some, more, such等单独作主语时,根据其“指代意义”决定谓语动词的单复数。
比如:All goes well.一切进展顺利。
All are present. 所有人都到了。
Such is his answer.或
Such are his answers.
S:明白了!“意义一致”原则。
S: 还有,这个句子填is还是are?
We each ____(be) tired.
T: 此处each作主语we的同位语,主谓一致中,谓语动词不受其同位语的影响。
即:We each are tired.
但是若主语为each, 则谓语动词用单数。
即:Each of us is tired.
S: 明白!不定代词做主语,谓语动词用单数。
T: 主谓一致中,还有一种现象值得强调,即:单复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于其前面的限定词。
单复数同形的名词, 比如:
means 方法;goods 商品、货物;
series系列; species 品种
All possible means have been tried.
A means of readinghas been found.
A series of plansis made by him.
The twoTV series are very popular.
练一练:
1.The following ___(be)her suggestion.
2.The following __(be)her suggestions.
3.There___(be)an effective means.
4.They each____(have)their own room.
5.To love and to be loved ____(be) a great happiness.
6.What I say and do___(be)none of your business.
S: 答案
1.is; 2. are; 3.is; 4. have; 5.is ;6.is.
本节课教与学心得体会:
学习的专精和用力,应筛选掉那些吸收时没有困惑,应用时也没有问题的知识。