英语语法专题91：副词的种类（一张图看全部）
本次英语语法专题我们学习“副词的种类”，具体内容如下：
一、副词的种类
副词大体上可以分为下面几类：
二、时间副词
时间副词分为三类：表示发生时间的副词、表示频繁程度的副词和其他时间副词。
（一）表示发生时间的副词
Now现在
Then那时
Just now刚才
Right now此时
Right then就在那时
Right away立刻
Today今天
Before以前
Tomorrow明天
Soon很快
Ago以前
例句：I taught you to swim and nowyou"d drown me.
以怨报德。
例句：I have heard from her recently.
我最近收到了他的来信。
例句：Have you got anything on tonight?
今晚有事吗？
（二）表示频繁程度的副词
Always 总是
Constantly 经常地
Continually 持续不断地
Ever 曾经
Frequently 频繁地
Never 从不
Regularly 定期地
Occasionally 偶尔
Often 经常
Rarely 很少地
Repeatedly 重复不断地
Seldom 很少，不常
Sometimes 有时
Usually 通常
Now and then 时不时
例句：We do write to each other now and then,but not regularly.
我们确实偶尔通信，但不经常。
例句：The love of money and the love of learning rarelymeet.
贪财者不勤学，勤学者不贪财。
（三）其他时间副词
Already 已经
Early 早，初期
Finally 最后
Immediately 立刻
Lately 最近
Late 晚，迟
First 首先
Long 很长时间地
Presently 目前
Shortly 不久
Since 自那以来
例句：I"ll be back shortly/ presently.
我一会儿就回来。
例句：A man among children will be longa child,a child among men will be soon a man.
成人和儿童在一起童心常驻，儿童和成人在一起少年老成。
例句：When you finallygo back to your old hometown,you find it wasn"t the old home you missed but your childhood.
三、地点副词
1）表示地点和位置的副词称为地点副词
Abroad在国外
Ahead在前面
Away在远处
Ashore在岸上
Back在后面
Down在下边
Downstairs在楼下
Downtown在市区
Eastward向东
Anywhere任何地方
Everywhere到处
Far在远处
Here这里
In在里边
Indoors在室内
There在那边
Outdoors在户外
Outside在外边
Overseas在海边
Overhead在头顶上
Inside在里边
Underfoot在脚底
Upstairs在楼上
Westward向西
例句：She is upstairstalking with my parents.
她正在楼上和我父母谈话。
例句：An ambassador is an honest man sent to lie abroadfor his country.
大使是被派往外国为自己的国家而说谎的诚实的人。
例句：Somewherein the world there is defeat for everyone.Some are destroyed by defeat,and some made small and mean by victory.Greatness lives in one who triumphs equally over defeat and victory.
在世界的某个地方，每个人都会有失败。有的人因失败所毁，有的人因成功变得小气吝啬。同时战胜失败与成功的人才是了不起的人。
2）由where构成的副词也是地点副词
例句：There are people who want to be everywhereat once and they seem to get nowhere.
有这样一些人：他们想马上去每一个地方，但看起来哪儿也没去。
例句：If she doesn"t like it here,she can go elsewhere.
如果她不喜欢这里，她可以去别的地方。
例句：Even the weariest river winds somewheresafe to sea.
即使是最疲惫的河流，历经曲折，也终会安然入海。
例句：Nowhere can we find this kind of plant.
任何地方都找不到这种植物。
3）还有一些与介词同形的副词，有人称它们为副词小品词
这些副词与介词同形，跟宾语的为介词，否则是副词：
例句对比1：A cat climbed upthe tree.
猫爬上了树。（用作介词）
A tiny green plant knows that it must look upto live.
弱小的绿色植物也知道努力向上求生存。（用作副词）
例句对比2：No man is above the law and no man is belowit.
没有人能凌驾于法律之上，人不受法律保护。（用作介词）
He who would search for pearls must dive below.
想得到珍珠的人必须潜入水底。
这类副词主要有：
Aboard
About
Above
Across
Along
Around
Behind
Below
Beneath
Beyond
Down
In
Inside
Near
Off
On
Out
Outside
Over
Past
Round
Throughout
Underneath
Up
4）还有一些地点副词表示地区范围等
例句：We have no shops locally.
我们在本地没有商店。
例句：Fortunately the news was not yet spread widely.
所幸这消息还没有四处传开。
例句：The theory has been universallyaccepted.
这个理论已被普遍接受。
常见的这类副词有：
Globally
Internationally
Locally
Nationally
Nationwide
Universally
Widely
worldwide
四、方式副词
描述事情或情况的进行方式、存在方式、情绪、动作发生的情况或其细节的副词称为方式副词。方式副词主要用来回答how提出的问题。
1）一些常见的方式副词
例句：These countries were ruthlesslyinvaded.
这些国家遭到残暴的侵略。
例句：They hoped to see the problem settled peacefully.
他们希望看到这问题和平解决。
例句：Men show their character in nothing more clearlythan by what they think laughable.
从一个人觉得什么可笑最能看清楚他的个性。
例句：This means that effectivelywe have no chance of finishing on time.
这意味着我们实际上不可能准时完成。
下面是一些常见的这类副词：
Abruptly
Accurately
Awkwardly
Badly
Beautifully
Casually
Clearly
Closely
Clumsily
Comfortably
Evenly
Explicitly
Dramatically
Effectively
Efficiently
Finely
Firmly
Fluently
Formally
Frankly
Freely
Gently
Gracefully
Hastily
Heavily
Perfectly
Plainly
Pleasantly
Politely
Poorly
Professionally
Properly
Quietly
Rapidly
Readily
Steadily
Strangely
Subtly
Superbly
Swiftly
Systematically
Tenderly
Thoroughly
Thoughtfully
Tightly
2）还有相当多的副词，表示某些情绪
例句：I wouldn"t gladlygo through that unpleasant experience again.
我再也不想领教那种令人不快的经历了。
例句：He shook hands eagerlywith Sherlock Holmes.
他热切地与夏洛克·福尔摩斯握手。
例句：I offered help,and she accepted gratefully.
我主动提出帮助，她感激地接受了。
下面是一些常见的这类副词：
Angrily
Anxiously
Bitterly
Boldly
Calmly
Cheerfully
Confidently
Desperately
Eagerly
Excitedly
Furiously
Gladly
Gloomily
Gratefully
Happily
Helplessly
Hopefully
Hopelessly
Impatiently
Miserably
Nervously
Passionately
Proudly
Reluctantly
Sadly
Shyly
Sincerely
Uncomfortably
Uneasily
Wearily
3）还有一些以-ly结尾的副词，表示动作发生的情况
例句：There is no man so bad,but he secretly respects the good.
再坏的人都会暗自敬重好人。
例句：The process was controlled automatically.
生产工序是自动控制的。
常见的这类副词有：
Accidentally
Artificially
Automatically
Collectively
Deliberately
Directly
Duly
Illegally
Independently
Indirectly
Individually
Innocently
Instinctively
Involuntarily
Jointly
Legally
Logically
Mechanically
Naturally
Officially
Openly
Overtly
Personally
Politically
Privately
Publicly
Scientifically
Secretly
Specially
Symbolically
4）大部分方式副词都由形容词加-ly构成，但有少数不带-ly结尾
例句：Laugh and the world laugh with you;weep and you weep alone.
笑，全世界和你一起笑；哭，你独自一个人哭。
例句：She was to fly solothe next day.
第二天她将作单人飞行。
例句：Do you sell wholesaleor retail ?
你是批发还是零售？
五、程度副词和强调副词
（一）程度副词
1）用来描述动作、行为或状态的程度的副词称为程度副词
例句：Truth is a fruit which should not be picked until it is quiteripe.
真理是一枚果实，应该到成熟时再采摘。
例句：He who gives himself entirelyto his fellowmen appears to them useless and selfish;but he who gives himself partially to them is pronounced a benefactor and philanthropist.
一个人如果自己毫无保留地奉献给别人，那么在别人眼中他常显得无用甚至自私，而如果他只奉献一部分的话，别人倒是觉得他慷慨大方、乐施好善。
这类副词除修饰动词外，还可修饰形容词或另一副词：
①Fairly simple相当简单
Rather difficult相当难
Awfully sorry非常抱歉
Perfectly clear十分清楚
Highly confidential高度机密的
Quite correct完全正确
Utterly unreasonable极不合理
Truly grateful确实很感激
②Fairly smoothly相当顺利地
Wonderfully well好极了
Know full(y) well完全清楚
Work quite hard工作相当努力
Run pretty fast跑得相当快
Speak exceedingly well讲得极好
Act quite right做得完全对
Do it very quickly干得很快
常见的此类副词主要有：
Absolutely完全地
Almost几乎
Amazingly令人惊异地
Enormously非常地
Enough充足地
Entirely完全地
Extremely极端地
Fairly相当
Fully完全地
Greatly很
Largely主要地
Little很少地
Much很，非常
Nearly几乎
Pretty非常
Quite很，非常
Rather相当
Really的确
Slightly稍微地
Surprisingly令人惊奇地
Too太
Totally完全地
Very很
Completely彻底地
2）强调副词和程度副词很相近，有些就是程度副词。它们主要对所修饰的动词、形容词加以强调
①I quite agree.
我完全同意。（动词）
Thieves respect property;they merely wish the property to become their property that they may more perfectlyrespect it.
盗贼尊重财产权，他们只是希望财产能变成他们的财产，这样他们可能更尊重这种权利。
②You"re entirelywrong.
你完全错了。（形容词）
The food is justwonderful.
这饭菜简直好极了。
We failed utterlyto convince them.
我们根本说服不了他们。
这类副词主要有：
Absolutely
Completely
Entirely
Just
Outright
Perfectly
Positively
Purely
Quite
Really
Simply
Totally
Truly
Utterly
3）much是一个特殊的程度副词，它可以
①修饰动词（特别是用在否定句中）
例句：No one would talk muchin society if he only knew how often he misunderstood others.
一个人只要知道自己常常误解被人，就不会到处议论人。
例句：He who loses wealth loses much;he who loses a friend loses more,but he who loses courage loses all.
失去财产的人损失很大，失去朋友的人损失更多，而失去勇气的人则失去一切。
②修饰形容词
例句：I"m muchobliged to you for telling me.
非常感谢你告诉了我。
例句：In many problems my opinions are much different from those of the farmers,but I must owe my own knowledge to them,and also to the men who have set up this theory at first.
在许多问题上，我和前人的意见相左，但我得到的知识应归功于他们，也归功于那些首先创立这一理论的人。
③和形容词或副词的比较级或最高级连用
例句：You sing muchbetter than me.
你比我唱得好多了。
例句：That was muchthe best meal I"ve had for a long time.
这是我好久以来吃过的最好的一顿饭了。
例句：It is muchmore difficult to judge oneself than to judge others.
评判自己比评判别人要难得多。
④和how，so，too等词连用
例句：How muchdo you like him ?
你喜欢他到什么程度？
例句：I care not so muchwhat I am in the opinion of others as what I am in my own.
我不在乎别人如何评价我，我更在乎自己对自己的看法。
例句：Respect the child.Be not too muchhis parent.Trespass not on his solitude.
要尊重孩子，切莫过分以家长自居，不要侵扰自己的一方天地。
六、评论副词
用来对主句中陈述的观点进行评论的副词称为评论副词。
例句：Hopefullywe"ll win the game.
但愿我们能赢。
例句：Honestly,I don"t care.
老实说，我不在乎。
例句：Surprisingly,she doesn"t know me.
很奇怪她不认识我。
常用的评论副词有：
Luckily幸运
Unluckily不幸地
Happily幸福地
Unhappily不幸福地
Generally一般说来
Fortunately幸运地
Unfortunately不幸地
Innocently无辜地
Honestly诚实地说
Roughly大体上
Briefly简洁地
Narrowly狭义上
Hopefully充满希望地
Naturally很自然地
Broadly广义上
Strictly严格说来
Roughly粗略说来
Apparently很明显
Perhaps或许
Probably很有可能
Undoubtedly毫无疑问
七、疑问副词
疑问副词主要用来构成特殊疑问句。
例句：Wheredo you go to school ?
你在哪儿上学？
例句：Whenshall we meet again ?
我们什么时候再见面？
例句：Whywere you absent from class yesterday ?
你昨天为什么旷课？
例句：Howis your grandmother"s insomnia ?
你奶奶的失眠症好了吗？
常用的疑问副词有：
Where
When
Why
How
Whenever
Wherever
However
八、连接副词
连接副词的意思和词形都和疑问副词一样，但引导从句或与不定式连用。
例句：That"s whywe lost the game.
那就是我们比赛失败的原因。（引导表语从句）
例句：I don"t know whereLucia works.
我不知道露西亚在哪里工作。（引导宾语从句）
例句：Wherethere is great love,there are always miracle.
哪里有伟大的爱，哪里就有奇迹。（引导主语从句）
例句：I can"t decide whereto go for my holidays.
我决定不了去哪里度假。（与不定式连用）
九、关系副词
关系副词主要用来引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有：where,when,why
例句：The dictionary is the only place wheresuccess comes before work.
只有在字典里，“成功”才会出现在“工作”之前。
例句：Spring is a time whenyouth dreams and old age remembers.
春天是青年人梦想未来和老年人缅怀过去的季节。
例句：The reason whywe think life is so ugly is that we imagine it to be too beautiful in the past.
现在觉得生活是那么丑恶，是因为过去把它想象得太美好了。
十、句子副词
1）有些副词并不修饰动词，而是整个句子，表示说话人的看法
例句：FranklyI"m afraid your mother will be a little disappointed.
坦率地说，我担心你妈会有点失望。
例句：Seriouslynow,you ought to take more care of your health.
说真的，你应当多注意身体。
常见的这类副词有：
Absurdly
Admittedly
Anyway
Astonishingly
Coincidently
Curiously
Fortunately
Happily
Incredibly
Interestingly
Ironically
Luckily
Miraculously
Mysteriously
Naturally
Oddly
Of course
Paradoxically
Presumably
Sadly
Significantly
Strangely
Surprisingly
Unbelievably
Understandably
Unexpectedly
unhappily
2）有少数
副词可以和enough连用，起同样的作用
例句：He"s lived in France for years,but strangely enough he can"t speak a word of French.
他在法国住了好多年，但说也奇怪，他一句法语都不会。
例句：Surprisingly enough,even petty larceny has seldom occurred.
说来也怪，连小偷小摸的事都很少发生。
十一、其他副词
除了以上这些类型的副词外，还有一些其他类型的副词。
1）表示方向的副词
例句：Walk three blocks and then turn left.
走三个路段后左转。
例句：It is true that as we take two steps forwardin our journey,we may take one or more steps backward.But when one has faith that the spring thaw will arrive,the winters winds seem to lose some of their punch.
当我们在旅途中前进了两步的时候，我们的确可能会后退一步或几步。但是当我们确信春天解冻的时刻快要来了的时候，冬天的风也好像少了几分寒意。
2）使与上文连接更紧密的副词
例句：Nevertheless,she decided to act.
尽管如此，她决定采取行动。
例句：The rain was heavy-consequently the land was flooded.
雨下得很大，因此土地被淹了。
3）表示“方面”的副词
例句：It"s politicallyshort-sighted not to recognize this.
不认识这一点在政治上是短视的。
例句：In economicallyadvanced countries,childbearing typically begins later in life.
在经济发达的国家，人们要孩子一般比较晚。
例句：The present is morallyopposed to capital punishment.
总统从道义上反对死刑。
4）表示上下文之间关系的副词
Therefore因此（表结果）
Moreover再者（表补充）
Besides况且（表补充）
However不管怎样（表转折）
Otherwise否则（表条件）
Then然后（表时间）
Though但是（表转折，用于句尾，其前有逗号隔开）
几组同根副词的意义比较：
Hard努力
Hardly几乎不
Near附近
Nearly几乎
High高
Highly高度地
Most大多数
Mostly多部分地
Deep深入地
Deeply深深地
Close靠近
Closely密切地
Late迟到
Lately最近，近来
Wide张得大大地
Widely广泛地
另外，其他副词还包括yes，no，certainly，surely，sure，really，how等。How可作感叹副词，构成感叹句。
以上就是“副词的种类”的内容，咱们一定要结合例句学习句法和语法，这样更容易理解和实操英语！
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