到大学英语6级主谓语一致应注意的某些问题概述一（共3篇）
英语句子中,谓语动词必须同句中主语的人称和数保持一致,在主谓语一致的间题上应注意以下几方面：
1.用 not only… but also, neither…nor, either…or,not…but,or等连词连接的两个并列主语,谓语动词通常与它最近的主语保持一致。谓语动词用单数或复数,取决于离它最近的主语是单数还是复数。
Not only the children but also their father knows something about this matter.不仅孩子们知道,父亲也知道这件事情。
Neither my wife nor I have travelled by air.我和我爱人都未坐过飞机。
Either she or they were assigned to the task.不是她就是他们被分配去承担这项任务。
Neither Canada nor Mexico requires that citizens of the United States have passports.加拿大和墨西哥都不要求美国公民持有护照。
On most American farms, one or two principal products are raised for a cash crop.在大多数美国农场,有一两种主要农产品是商品作物。
但偶尔也见用 neither…nor, either…Or,or连接的两个并列主语,其谓语动词用复数多见于口语中,这种用法受古英语的影响,不宜模仿使用。
Neither money nor fame have influence on me.名与利都不能影响我。
My life or death are equal both to me.生或死对我都是一样。
2.用as well as, as much as, no less than, together with, along with, rather than, more than, in addition to, but, except, besides, not, including, accompanied by, like, unlike, among, coupled with等词语接的两个主语,谓语动词与离它最远的主语保持一致,谓语动词用单数或复数取决于离它最远的主语是单数还是复数。
The teacher as well as a number of students, was asked to attend the party.那位老师，以及许多学生应邀出席了宴会。
John as much as his brothers was unsuitable for the job约翰和他的兄弟同样不适合干这工作。
You no less than she are very glad at the news.你和她听到这个消息都很高兴。
The teacher, along with a committee of bright students has compiled a reading list.那位教师和一批高才生已经编写了一份读书目录。
Senator Davis, with his assistant and his press secretary is scheduled to arrive in New York today.参议员戴维同其助手和新闻秘书定于今日到达纽约。
Mary, rather than her roommates, is to blame.不是玛丽的室友,而是玛丽应受责备。
Tom, more than anyone else is anxious to go there again.是汤姆而不是别人急于要再到那儿去。
You,not I, are to blame.不是我,是你应受责备。
但是,用with连接两个并列主语时,偶尔也见谓语动词用复数,此种用法受古英语的影响,不宜模仿使用。
Old Sir John with half-a- dozen were at the door.老约翰爵士和五六个人在门口。
3.用and连接的两个并列主语,谓语动词用单数的特殊情况。
①两个并列主语前用each, every, many a和no修饰时,或者并列主语前由一个each, every, many a等修饰时,谓语动词用单数。
Each day and each hour brings the news of the war.每天每小时都带来战争的消息。
Many a boy and many a girl likes swimming.许多男孩和女孩都喜欢游泳。
Every taxi and bus in the city has its own sign.这个城市的每辆出租汽车和公共汽车都有自己的标志。
Soon every man, woman and child was talking about how to wipe out the enemy.不久每个男人、女人和小孩都在谈论如何消灭敌人。
②两个并列主语指同一个人时,要特别注意and后的名词有无冠词,有冠词时则指两个人,谓语要用复数。
The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at this state banquet.总理兼外长出席了这次国宴。
The secretary and the principal were present at the meeting, 校长和书记都出席了会议。
③两个并列名词作主语指一种东西时(and后的名词无冠词)谓语动词要用单数。
A block and tackle is needed to lift that heavy machine.要吊起那么重的机器需要一个滑轮组。
a needle and thread was given her but she couldn"t sew the button on.给了她针线,可是她不会把钮扣缝起来。
④两个并列主语指一个单一概念,谓语动词用单数。
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.睡得早,起得早,财富、聪明、身体好。
If law and order is not preserved, neither the citizen nor his property is safe.如果不保护法律和秩序,公民的人身和财产都不安全。
The sum and substance of the matter is that we must rely on our own efforts.问题的要点是,我们必须自力更生。
Trial and error is the source of our knowledge.尝试和失败同是学识之源。
His end and arm is success.他的目标是成功。
Truth and honesty is the best policy.诚实才是上策。
Blood and iron is not a good policy.铁血政策不是个好的政策。
⑤两个并列的物质名词作主语指一种食品或饮料时,谓语动词用单数。
Coffee and milk is my favorite drink.牛奶咖啡是我喜欢的一种饮料。
Fish and chips is getting very expensive.鱼和炸土豆片贵起来了。
Bread and butter is served for breakfast.早餐供应奶油面包。
Whisky and soda is my favorite drink.威士忌加苏打是我喜欢的一种饮料。
Ham and eggs is my favorite breakfast.火腿蛋是我喜欢的早餐。
4.集合名词作主语时。
单数形式复数意义的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数,常见的这类名词有:
people, police, cattle, poultry, militia, livestock, youth, vermin, folk, foot(步兵), mankind, military(军方)等。
These people are waiting for their passports.这些人在等护照。
The police are searching for a tall dark man with a beard.警察正在搜查一个留有胡子的黑大汉。
The military have surrounded the building军队包围了那座建筑
Cattle are selling for record prices this year.牛今年的售价之高是创记录的。
These cattle are on their way to market.这些牛在运往市场的途中。
Poutry are dear in this city.家禽在这个城市卖得很贵。
The militia were called out to guard the borderland.号召民兵保卫边疆。
Vermin are harmful animals or insects.害虫是指有害的动物或昆虫。
The youth of today don" t know what they want.当今的青年人不知道自己想要什么。
5单复数同形的集合名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数,取决于该名词是表团体还是表团体中各个成员,表团体时用单数,表团体成员时用复数。要特别注意两点:主语后有同位语all时或主语的物主代词、反身代词为复数形式时,其主语名词肯定是表团体各个成员；主语后的物主代词、反身代词为单数形式时,其主语名词肯定是表团体。常见的这类名词有：
committee, family, class, team, audience, band, crew, government, company, firm, staff, party, group, management, school, union, crowd, club 以及 army, board, congress, couple, herd, jury, parliament,personnel等。
The committee is made up of seven members.委员会由7人组成。
The committee is going to have its second meeting.委员会要召开第二次会议。
The committe were divided in their opinions on the question. 委员会的委员对这个同题的意见有分歧。
The committee are holding talks.委员们正在举行会谈。
My family has moved into a new house.我家已搬进了新房。
My family are all well.我们全家人都很健康。
Our class consists of twenty students.我们班有20个学生。
Our class all like speaking English.我们班的学生都喜欢讲英语。
The team is the bottom of the third division.这个队排在第三组的后面。
The football team are having baths now.足球队员们正在洗澡。
The audience was small owing to the bad weather.因天气不好观众很少。
The audience were all moved to tears.观众都感动得流泪了。
但某些表集体的不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。常见的这类名次有：
Equipment,furniture,luggage,clothing,machinery,traffic,information,knowledge,scenery,crockery陶器，merchandise商品等。
The traffic is at a standstill. Something is wrong.交通停顿了，一定出了什么问题。（未完待续）