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英语语法专题132:其他需要保持一致的情况(不容错过的干货)

句子大全 2023-07-13 02:01:01
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英语语法专题132:其他需要保持一致的情况,干货不容错过

一、名词和代词的一致

代词与其所代替或修饰的名词应在人称和性别上保持一致。

例句:I don"t have a watch but I"m going to buy one.

我没有表,但是我想买一块。

例句:Every man is the architect of his own fortune.

自己的命运自己掌握。

例句:Everything has its seed.

无风不起浪。

例句:Let things take their course.

顺其自然。

Each bird loves to hear himself sing.

鸟儿都爱听自己唱歌。

例句比较:

The secretary and the treasurer are boasting about their children"s good performance at school.

(两人,用their)

The secretary and treasurer was criticized for her neglect of the duty.

(一人,用her)

The cart and the horse were necessary in those days for their usefulness in transportation.

(马和车,两样东西,用their)

A cart and horse was first seen in the distance,and then it gradually disappeared.

(马车,一样东西,用it)

二、分词逻辑主语的一致

表示时间、条件、伴随等的分词的逻辑主语必须同所在句中的主语保持一致。

例句:The hunter walked slowly in the forest,followed by his wolf-dog.

猎人在森林里慢慢地走着,后面跟着一条狼狗。

例句:Having lived in London for years,Ialmost know every place quite well.

在伦敦住过多年,我几乎对每个地方都很熟悉。

三、并列(平等)结构中成分的一致

1)为使句子前后保持平衡和协调,句中的并列成分应在结构上保持一致

同一句中的并列主语(谓语等)在语法等方面要求对应。

例句:I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted,every hill and mountain shall be made low,the rough places will be made plain,and the crooked places will be made straight,and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed,and all flesh shall see it together.

我梦想有一天,深谷弥合,高山夷平,歧路化坦途,曲径成通衢,上帝的光华再现,普照天下生灵共谒。(均为同位语从句)

例句:The instrument has been welcomed by all users because of its stability in serviceability,reliability in operation and simplicity in maintenance.

该仪器性能稳定,操作可靠,维修方便,因而受到所有用户的欢迎。(均为名词)

2)在比较结构中,被比较的事物应是同等成分

在比较从句中,用that代替前面的单数名词,用those代替前面的复数名词。

例句:The pants in this shop are a lot better than those in that shop.

这家商店的裤子比那家商店的裤子质量好得多。

例句:The weather here is much hotter than that of Beijing.

这儿比北京热得多。

四、倒装结构中主谓语的一致

在倒装句中,其他成分放到句子前部,而主语则往往被置于句子后部。这时要注意辨认主语,谓语动词要同主语保持一致。

例句:So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.

他的要价太不合理,让每个人都瞠目结舌。

五、there be句型中的主谓一致

在there be句型中,当be动词后的第一个并列成分带有不定冠词时,谓语动词按就近原则用单数形式。

例句:There is a lake and some hills around it.

那儿被一个湖泊和几座小山环绕着。

There is/was后有时也可接复数名词,尤其在口语中,这符合人们的思维习惯,往往先说出there is/was后才想起后面的名词。

例句:There"s hundreds of funs gathering on the square.

广场上聚集着成百上千的歌迷。

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