考博英语长难句分析
长难句一直是考博英语阅读翻译中最难理解的部分，李老师准备了几个长难句与大家一起断句翻译，帮你们更好的理解句子结构，多加练习你们就会找到窍门和语感，慢慢会掌握透彻的，加油！
1. Information on temperature, rainfall, and other aspects of the climate [that can be inferred from the systematic changes in properties]is usually referred to as proxy data
这是一个主从复合句。
原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下：
① 主句：Information on temperature, rainfall, and other aspects of the climate is usually referred to as proxy data.
【译文】关于温度、降雨，以及气候的其他方面的信息通常被称作替代性指标。
② 分句：Information can be inferred from the systematic changes in properties.
类型：定语从句；连接词：that
【译文】这些信息可以根据有规律的性质改变来推断出来。
【全句译文】关于温度、降雨，以及气候的其他方面的信息通常被称作替代性指标，这些信息可以根据有规律的性质改变来推断出来。
2. In the end, we come to see [that we are dealing with (what may be called a “moral” factor)], a sense of guilt [which is finding satisfaction in the illness and refuses to give up the punishment of suffering].
这是一个主从复合句。
原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下：
① 主句: We come to see…
【译文】我们意识到……
② 分句一：We are dealing with …
类型：宾语从句(做see的宾语)；连接词：that
【译文】我们正在面对……
分句二：What may be called a “moral” factor
类型：宾语从句；连接词：what
【译文】被称之为“道德”的因素。
分句三：... is finding satisfaction in the illness and refuses to give up the punishment of suffering.
类型：定语从句；连接词：which
【译文】……是一种内疚感，其在生病中找到满足且拒绝放弃痛苦的惩罚。
【全句译文】最后，我们意识到我们正在面对一种“道德”因素，即一种内疚感，其在生病中找到满足且拒绝放弃痛苦的惩罚。
3. The net result is that, [(if the eye is so exposed and then the gaze is transferred to an area of lower intensity), the loss of sensitivity produced by the first area will still be present and appear as an “afterimage” superimposed on the second].
这是一个主从复合句。
原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下：
① 主句：The net result is…
【译文】最终结果是……
② 分句一：if…, the loss of sensitivity will still be present and appear as an “afterimage”.
类型：表语从句；连接词：that
【译文】如果……敏感度将会作为“后像”出现。
③ 分句二：if the eye is so exposed and then the gaze is transferred to an area of lower intensity.
类型：条件状语从句；连接词：if
【译文】如果眼睛盯着某种颜色看，随后转换到一个强度较低的区域
④ 其他修饰成分：produced by the first area, 过去分词作后置定语修饰sensitivity; superimposed on the second, 过去分词作后置定语修饰afterimage。
【全句译文】最终结果是，如果眼睛盯着某种颜色看，随后转换到一个强度较低的区域，第一个区域损失的敏感度将会作为后像出现而叠加到第二个区域中。
4. Some of the more complicated sounds are clearly communicative, although [what role they may play in the social life and “culture” of cetaceans] has been more the subject of wild speculation than of solid science.
这是一个主从复合句。
原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下：
① 主句：Some of the more complicated sounds are clearly communicative.
【译文】一些更复杂的声音明显具有沟通性。
② 分句一：What role they may play in the social life and “culture” of cetaceans.
类型：主语从句；连接词：what
【译文】它们可能在鲸类动物的社会生活和“文化”中起到某种作用。
分句二：…has been more subject of wild speculation than of solid science.
类型：状语从句；连接词：although
【译文】与严谨的科学主题相比，……在更大程度上属于那种胡乱猜想的主题。
【全句译文】一些更复杂的声音明显具有沟通性，尽管与严谨的科学主题相比，它们可能在鲸类动物的社会生活和“文化”中起到的作用在更大程度上属于那种胡乱推测的主题。
5. The average consumer is not surprised [that his purchase of the commodity does not redeem the promise of the advertisement], [for this is (what he is used to in life)]: the individual’s pursuit of happiness and success is usually in vain.
这是个主从复合句。
原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下：
① 主句：The average consumer is not surprised …
【译文】普通消费者对……不吃惊。
② 分句一：His purchase of the commodity does not redeem the promise of the advertisement.
类型：宾语从句；连接词：that
【译文】他所购买的商品与广告承诺不一致
分句二：for this is…
类型：原因状语从句；连接词：for
【译文】因为……
分句三：what he is used to in life
类型：表语从句；连接词：what
【译文】在他生活中
【全句译文】普通消费者对自己所购买的商品与广告承诺不一致并不吃惊，因为在生活中，他早已习惯了个人对幸福和成功的追求通常都是以失败而告终。
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