2018高考大题冲关秘笈——第21辑 书面表达之专题一（图画作文）
考纲解读
命题规律
命题趋势
1. 图画作文要求考生根据所提供的信息来写一篇短文，或通过几幅相关的图画描述事情的经过，说明某个问题或得出某个结论。
2. 此类书面表达旨在考查考生的观察能力，推理能力，想象能力和语言表达能力。这是考查考生的创新意识和发散思维能力的一种好的命题方式。
由近几年高考试题可以看出：
1. 高考图画作文提供的情景通常有单幅图和多幅图，而且图片直观，内容丰富，便于考生发挥想象力。
2. 与给出几幅图画让考生描写图画所表达的内容相比，考查频率更高的是给出单幅图，不仅要求考生理解所给图画内容，还要求考生解读图画所隐含的深层意义。
3. 图画作文的题材涉及社会热点，贴近学生生活，体现了时代感和生活化两大特点。
1. 图画作文主要考查学生的读图能力和思维发散能力，具有一定的开放性，是高考改革发展的大势所趋。
2. 通过图画让考生揭示某一问题或现象的书面表达将有很大的生命力，且难度会有所加大。
3. 试题的实用性增强，选材更贴近时代，贴近学生生活。
图画作文是近年来高考书面表达考查的热点题型之一。它是指根据某幅图画所提供的图像信息写一篇短文或叙述一个故事；或通过几幅相关的图画说明某个问题或得出某个结论。体裁多样，可以是记叙文、议论文或说明文等。图画作文要求考生将画面所包含的有效信息直接运用英语思维转成英语，旨在避免考生运用汉语思维布局谋篇。
图画类作文的命题要求如下：
1. 图画作文的主要考查特点是生动、形象、直观、图文并茂。它要求行文时做到：主题明确，即文章能概括图画所反映的中心思想；图文一致，即文章能体现图画中所反映的主要内容。
2. 图画作文要求考生具有敏锐的观察力、丰富的想象力、严谨的逻辑思维能力、冷静的分析能力，以及最终将以上诸方面素质综合体现出来的良好的书面表达能力。
3. 写图画作文时要注意词汇与句型的精心选择，准确表达。表达过程中要注意图画信息的连接方式，尤其要注意句与句、段与段之间的意思连贯。为此，考生应学会灵活使用连接词、指示代词等，适当地根据自己的需要和文章的进展调整信息出现的顺序。
图画作文通常是给出一幅或多幅图片，要求考生仔细分析图片内容，并通过文字形式将图中所包含的思想内容准确地表达出来。试题具有以下特征：
1.素材贴近生活。图画类的书面表达一般都是中学生所熟悉的场景，画面生动形象，具有趣味性。以图为
载体，附带少量文字提示或说明。要求考生从体察入手，通过对画面的理解，发挥想象力，按照一定的
要求把图画内容准确、生动地加工成书面语言。
2.文体形式多样。图画式作文主要有记叙文、说明文和议论文；时态要视图画反映的内容而定，介绍人物
或叙述某件事的发展过程，通常用一般过去时，揭示或反映某件社会现象
图画类作文要求将画面所包含的信息转换成文字，旨在避免汉语思维，要求直接用英语思维。它要求根据图画提供的图像信息写一篇短文，包括叙述一个故事，或通过几幅相关的图画说明某个问题或得出结论。图画类作文就内容而言，可以写观察到的内容，也可以根据合理想象适当进行发挥来补充一些内容；就表达方式而言，可以单纯地理解、说明，也可以在说明中加以描写、叙述，因此该类文体不仅具有一定的观察分析能力，还要有较强的语言表达能力、想象力和逻辑思维能力。写好图画类作文的关键是：一定要根据自己掌握的词汇与熟悉的句型结构构思短文内容，并直接用英语表达，千万不要先想好一句句的中文，然后逐句译成英文，那样就往往会超出自己的英语水平，作文中就会出现＂生造＂的英语句子，难免会出错。另外，对于与图画无关的事要少写，还要注意人称、时态的呼应，整个作文要通篇考虑。
一、写作要领
1.准确审题。这是看图作文写作的基础。准确审题就是注意文体、人物和时态。
2.把握情境。这是看图作文的关键。要根据图画，合理想象，围绕特定的主题，把握情景，(利用图中人物
间的关系、人物的对话、人物的活动及所处场所，以及图中的文字说明和标识来)提炼要点等。
3.发表感想。围绕主题展开合理的想象，发表自己的联想或感想。
二、具体步骤
1.根据提示，全面审题
（1）确定体裁。针对此类题型，考生应仔细阅读图画及文字说明，首先确定文章体裁。目前图画作文的体
裁主要涉及记叙文、议论文和夹叙夹议文。对多幅图来说，体裁主要是记叙文，有时也会是夹叙夹议 文。多幅图有时反映了事件背后的某种现象，这样就需要加上适当的议论，进而变为夹叙夹议文。对 于单幅图来说，体裁主要为议论文。
（2）确定人称。如果以日记、回忆录等形式来写，一般采用第一人称；如果是以将故事的形式来写，则一 般采用第三人称。但不管用哪种人称，全文一般都必须一致。
（3）确定时态。根据图画内容及所采用的的文章体裁，确定文章所要用的时态。
（4）确定主题。在审题时，考生要认真分析图画所反映的内容以及出题者的意图，分析图画的表层含义和 深层含义，通过表层含义分析图画真正想要说明的问题是什么，从而挖掘出其深层含义以确定文章的 主题。
2. 认真读图，进行图文转换
图画是作文的信息基础。考生应对图画进行全面而细致的研究，尤其是要注意图画中人或物的特点和背景，确定人物之间、人物与背景之间的主要关系，以便正确掌握图画所传达的信息。如果图画以系列形式（即多幅）出现，考生除需掌握每一幅图画的信息外，还应该对图画之间的相互联系有所了解，从整体上把握图画所呈现的主要内容。然后将图画所传达的信息以文字的形式呈现出来，并对转换后的信息重新整合，确定主要内容。
3. 确定段落，草拟提纲
根据图画内容及体裁的不同采用不同的段落发展方式。一般情况下，图画作文可以当作三段式的提纲作文来写：第一段用来描述图画并揭示其寓意（寓意一般用一句话来概括），第二段分析原因，最后一段发表评论或提出建议。其中第二、三段是写作的重点。叙事型图画作文（通常会涉及多幅画，要求对某一事件的发生、发展进行描述）可根据图画的数目和具体内容来确定段落。
4. 斟词酌句，组句成文
根据要点内容，选择恰当的词语和固定结构。结合要点间的关系及文章的体裁，选择恰当的句子类型。
【特别提醒】
考生在写图画作文时，有时难以取得比较理想的成绩，其原因主要有：
1. 观察图画不细致，不能准确地对图画内容加以分析概括；
2. 分不清内容的主次，从而不能层次分明地表达作文的主题；
3. 图与图之间的意思不衔接、不连贯；
4. 找出的要点太乱、太杂，没有条理性；
5. 不能紧扣主题，随意发挥。
一、写作技巧
纵观近几年高考，图画作文大致可分为两类：事件记叙类和描画感怀类。对于事件记叙类图画作文而言，无非是要求考生按照图画次序将事件的发生、发展及结果表达出来，此类图画作文主要采用叙述这一表达方式。描图感怀类图画作文要求考生首先描写图画内容，之后在图画内容的基础上表达个人感想，此类图画作文通常采用描写和议论的写作手法。
1. 事件记叙类图画作文写作技巧
（1）大略审图，明确事件
一般而言，事件记叙类图画作文的图片不止一幅，我们首先要做的是大致浏览图片，找出所要记叙的事件是什么。
（2）图文转化，提炼要点
每幅图片都会传达特定的信息，因为图片是静态的，上面不可能传达太多的信息，所以单幅图片的信息量一般不会特别大。我们要把每幅图片所传达的信息找出来，这就是我们需要的要点，而所有要点集合起来也就是文章的提纲了。所以准确找出每幅图片的信息，并将它们用文字呈现出来是写好事件记叙类图画作文的关键所在。
（3）呈现要点，斟词酌句
对基础比较差的学生而言，为了保险起见，用常见的词和简单的句式将各幅图中的要点表述出来，并用适当的词或结构将它们串联起来就可以构成一篇完整的文章。准确地完成这 样一篇要点齐全的文章基本可以拿到比较理想的分数。如果能够在此基础上对文章的细节信 息进行合理的扩展，并对文章的句式、结构进行优化(采用比较高级的句式、结构等)，那么 得到一个很高的分数并非难事。
2. 描图感怀类图画作文写作技巧
描图感怀类图画作文通常只有一幅图。对于此类书面表达，所要做的基本上也就两项工作：描图和议论。描图和议论可以分为两个段落来呈现。
（1）认真读图，细致描图
将图中的内容用文字信息表述出来，这是一个比较客观的信息转化过程，不需要掺杂个人情感。
（2）理解图魂，理出寓意
从图画内容的描写中理出图画所要传达的主题，并推断出图画信息的寓意，这是对图画内容的升华，也是发表议论的基础。
（3）联系实际，发表感言
结合图画的寓意和生活实际，阐述个人的看法。这是图画寓意在现实生活中的回归。
二、常用句式
1. 描述图画部分
From the picture we can see that…
As is shown in the picture…
As we can see in the picture…
The picture shows us that…
This is a funny and instructive picture, from which we can see…
Look at the picture. It is a picture about…
2. 论述图画寓意及所反映现象部分
The picture reflects/implies that…
The picture illustrates a common phenomenon in today’s society.
Apparently, the picture reflects a major social problem.
This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.
What the picture reflects sets me thinking a lot.
3. 发表评论与观点部分
In my view/As for me/As far as I’m concerned, we should take measures to avoid this phenomenon happening again.
三、 写作模板
As is shown in the picture above,_________(图画的内容). The first thing we notice is that_________(图画的最大特点).This means that _________（进一步说明）. The implied meaning of the picture should be considered/taken into account seriously/paid more attention to. First, _________(分析、说明原因或结果①). Second/What’s more，________(分析、说明原因或结果②). Last but not least/Finally, ________(分析、说明原因或结果③) And the problem has aroused the great concern/care of the whole society/world/all the people around. In my view/As for me,we should take measures to deal with the problem shown in the picture. First, we should_________(措施、建议、办法①). And then we have to_________(措施、建议、办法②). Only in these ways can we solve/settle the problem of_________(图画主要问题).
题组一
Writing 1
（2016·北京）假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华。你班同学参加了学校的＂地球日＂系列活动。请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序,以＂Actions for a Greener Earth＂为题,给校刊＂英语角＂写一篇英文稿件,介绍活动的全过程。
注意:词数不少于60。
提示词:地球日 Earth Day
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Writing 2
（2015·福建）请阅读右面图画,按要求用英语写一篇词数为120左右的短文。
内容要求:1.描述画面;
2.概述其含义;
3.谈谈个人感想。
注意:1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2.可适当发挥,使文章内容充实、行文连贯;
3.文中不能出现考生的具体信息。
参考词汇:凿,钻bore
In the picture，___________________________________________________________________________
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Writing 3
（2015·北京）假如你是红星中学学生李华。根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍在＂传统文化进校园＂活动中，面向人艺术家学习捏面人的过程。并以＂A Day with a Craftsman＂为题，给校刊＂英语角＂写一篇英文稿件。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：一个面团a piece of dough 面人dough figurine
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Writing 4
（2014·北京）假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的学生李华,请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,为校刊＂英语园地＂写一篇短文,记述你和同学们向学校提建议,解决自行车存放问题的过程。
注意:1.词数不少于60。
2.短文的开头已给出, 不计入总词数。
There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school. _________________________________
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题组二
Writing 1
（2014·辽宁）假定你是学生会主席李华。学校将举办一次以＂校园生活·创意无限＂(Innovations on Campus)为主题的创意作品展评活动。请你根据以下图示，以短文形式用英语写一份书面通知。
注意: 1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当发挥，以使行文连贯;
3.开头及结尾已为你写好，不计人总词数。
参考词汇: 校园campus 创意作品innovation 颁奖prize-giving
Notice
An exciting event ＂Innovations on Campus＂ is around the corner. ________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________
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Come on, everybody! It’s your show time.
Student Union
Writing 2
（2015·上海）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120–150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
学校即将举办＂读书节＂，目前正广泛征集＂读书节＂宣传册图片。假设你是该校学生潘阳，你已找到以下三幅图片，决定给读书节组委会写一封信，推荐其中一幅，你的信须包括以下内容：
1. 简单描述你想推荐的那幅图片；
2. 阐述你用这幅图片宣传＂读书节＂的理由。
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Writing 3
（2013·北京）假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的学生李华,请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,用英语写一篇周记,记述爸爸出差期间,妈妈生病,你照顾她的过程。
注意:1.周记的开头已经为你写好。
2.词数不少于60。
Last Monday, ______________________________________________________________________________
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Writing 4
（2013·福建）孩子的成长和教育是社会热议的话题,现今父母包揽一切、孩子过度依赖等现象十分严重。请阅读下面的漫画,按要求用英文写一篇短文。
内容要求:
1.描述漫画内容;
2.分析漫画所揭示的问题;
3.提出你的看法。
注意:
1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2.考生可适当发挥,使文章内容充实、连贯;
3.词数120左右;
4.文中不能出现考生的具体信息。
参考词汇:铺路pave the way
From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet.______________________________
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Writing 5
（2013·江苏）请根据你对以下两幅图的理解, 以＂Actions Speak Louder than Words＂为题, 用英语写一篇作文。
参考词汇: banner (横幅)stump (树桩)
你的作文应包括以下内容:
1.简要描述两幅图的内容;
2.概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解;
3.举例说明两幅图对你的启示。
注意:
1.可参照图片适当发挥;
2.作文词数150左右;
3.作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息,如校名、人名等。
Actions Speak Louder than Words
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题组一
Writing 1
【构思框架】
北京卷书面表达第二节照例给出的是四幅图画组成的一个小故事。对于这类看图作文，我们首先要根据图画读懂故事，提炼要点（通常一幅图就是一个要点），然后再结合要点布局谋篇，搜寻好词好句，然后组词或组句。
情景作文话题常规，＂地球日＂系列活动属于保护环境的体裁内容，属于常规考法。公告栏了解活动、分工制作、变废为宝的宣传活动、主题讲座都属于考前练习过的场景。故而总体难度适中。
涉及到的具体细节参考词汇：
图 1：a notice on the bulletin board, Actions for a Greener Earth, arouse students’ interest, learn about the activity
图 2：be divided into groups, transform waste into delicate articles, devote …to …
图 3：hold an activity in the nearby community, promote the awareness of Green Earth to more people, turn waste into wealth, show support, give the articles to neighbors
图 4：hold a lecture in the auditorium, introduce the whole process of … and the importance of …
【优秀满分范文】
①A week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.
Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials. ②We brought to our classroom worn-out clothes, pieces of cardboard and empty plastic bottles, and turned those into dolls, handbags, tissue boxes and small vases. That weekend, we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave them away to the people there. All were very happy with those unexpected gifts, especially little kids and elderly people. We did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.
We are very proud of ourselves and believe we can do more for a better world.
【名师点评】
1. 本篇范文要点齐全，言简意赅，句子之间衔接自然。
2. 范文使用了非谓语动词calling upon us to join in the actions 和so…that句型与宾语从句we can do more for a better world等，句式多样；还使用了固定词组call sb to do sth, join in, come up with, Make use of, turn…into, give away, be proud of等，使作文内容丰富。
【一句多译】
①表达方式一：A big poster put up on campus reminded us that the annual Earth Day was just around the corner.
表达方式二：On reaching the schoolyard, I was attracted by a big poster at the entrance, which said Earth Day was a few days away and called on us to take action.
表达方式三：No sooner had I reached the school than my attention was drawn to a poster on the wall, which informed us of the coming of Earth Day and alled on us students to take part.
②表达方式一：Between classes, we set to work, some taking out their empty drink bottles, some their worn-out clothes, and some pieces of cardboard.
表达方式二：After class, we settled down to our work as planned. Some of us took out their empty water bottles, some their useless books, and some their old clothes.
【写作良方】
每年的北京书面表达第二节均为图片作文，本篇文章从环保的角度给出了以＂地球日活动＂为主题的四幅图画，这类题目对于学生的审题提出了更高的要求；另外图片类作文还需注意对图片先要进行简要的描述，惯用如：As the picture is shown to us，...这样的句式来开头；主干部分需要主要体现的内容是我们要不遗余力地学习，克服自己所遇到的一切困难获取知识，图片作文的立意一定是积极向上的，这一点十分重要。
1．认真审题
审题时注意汉语提示语与图片的结合：(1)确定人称、时态：第三人称为主，一般现在时为主；(2)确定要求：本文是一篇记叙文，叙述＂地球日行动的过程和内容＂，并且谈出个人体会等。
2．确定内容
确定图片所描述的内容：(1)海报内容；(2)收集废弃物以便回收再用；(3)赠送急需家庭，变废为宝；(4)亲身做法，激励他人。
3．确定要点
按照确定的内容，提炼要点并且用适当的句式、短语来表述，句式要多变，语法现象要灵活。
4．连句成篇
尽量多地使用恰当的关联词、插入语，使文章条理清楚，语句衔接紧凑。
Writing 2
【思路导航】
本题为看图写作，主题是古时候的一则成语＂凿壁偷光＂。首先，图画描述部分必须简要。然后结合图画讲述成语背后的故事，这部分的难点是要总结出成语的寓意。最后是表述个人观点，主要是成语给我们的启迪。注意条理要清晰，逻辑顺序和结构要恰当，同时要尽量保持简洁精干的内容，不拖泥带水。要注意题中所给的信息，不可偏题，应用文写作对于文章内容的要求是要达到写作目的。尽量保持卷面整洁，字体美观，注意行文的连贯性。
【优秀满分作文】
In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes, sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading.
This is a well-known story from an ancient Chinese idiom. The boy, being poor, couldn’t afford even a candle, so he bored a hole in the wall to ＂steal＂ light from his neighbor’s house to read at night. The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.
Of course, things are totally different today. It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts. Hard work pays off. We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.
【名师点评】
文章第一段描述图片，第一句中用到了动词-ing形式的非谓语动词作伴随状语和with 的复合结构；第二段第一句开始说这个图片的主题。This is a well-known story from ancient Chinese idiom.这是一个众人周知的中国古代成语。第二句也是用了一个分词结构表示伴随状语；第二段最后一句用了一个no matter引导的让步状语从句。
【亮点分析】
文章第一段描述图片，第一句中用到了动词ing形式的非谓语动词做伴随状语和with 的复合结构In the picture ,we can see a boy in worn clothes,sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it.图中我们可以看见一个男孩穿着破旧的衣服坐在一个堆满书的桌子旁边。A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading.一丝微弱的光亮从墙上的一个小洞穿过，他沉静在自己的阅读中。
第二段第一句开始说这个图片的主题。This is a well-known story from ancient Chinese idiom.这是一个众人周知的中国古代成语。第二句也是用了一个分词结构表示伴随状语The boy, being poor ,couldn’t afford even a candle,so he bored a hole in the wall to ＂steal＂ light from his neighbour’s house to read at night.这个贫穷的男孩甚至不能够买得起一根蜡烛，于是他把墙凿了一个洞，从他邻居那里偷了一些光在夜晚阅读。第二段最后一句用了一个no matter引导的让步状语从句。The moral of the story is spare no effort to accquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.故事的精神是要不遗余力的获取知识，并且不管有多么困难的情况从不轻易气馁。
第三段结束Of course, things are totally different today .当然，现在可完全不同了。第二句是一个not… but 结构以及宾语从句It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts.不是这个故事本身而是这个故事反映出来的东西才是重要的。俗语：Hard work pays off.功夫不负有心人。We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get perpared for the future.我们应该带着苦来通过学习来改进自己并且为未来做准备。
Writing 3
【命题透析】
该书面表达是一篇典型的看图作文，记述一堂活动制作课的过程和感受。命题角度新颖，贴近学生生活实际。
【思路点拨】
考生在写作时应注意以下几点：一是审题到位，确保要点齐全（欢迎；师范；实践；拍照），时态准确（一般过去时），人称正确（第一人称记述亲身经历）；二要采用＂三段式＂结构使得短文条理清晰，脉络分明；三是要注意叙事过程条理化，借助于first, second, next, finally等词汇用好＂一二三＂原则；三是适当运用非谓语动词、复合句、感叹句等复杂句式增强句子表达力，赢得高分。
【优秀满分作文】
A Day with a Craftsman
Last Tuesday, our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines.
When the craftsman came into the classroom, we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box. First, he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood around him and watched attentively. Then we started to have a try ourselves. The old man walked around and helped us patiently. Finally, we put the figurines we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman. Looking at the figurines, we were all very excited.
We hope we can have more activities of this kind!
【亮点点击】
范文注意使用First, Then, Finally等来衔接句子和段落，表示事情发生的时间顺序，使作文更有条理，做到了行文连贯。
全文适用的是一般过去时，注意了文章上下文时态保持一致的原则。
范文使用了一些重要的语法知识：非谓语动词Looking at the figurines, we were all very excited.；定语从句we put the figurines we made on the table…；时间状语从句When the craftsman came into the classroom, we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box. 语法知识使用得当，叙事清晰。
【名师点睛】
本题考查的细节是手工艺人教大家如何去做这个东西，学生认真聆听，是教育学。第二幅图最重要的点就是学生能不能找到学生认真聆听这个环节，因为老师教一定能看得出来，但是学生能不能写到学生在听，这应该是一个得分点。第三幅图是一个指导。所以，重点在于一对一这样对应的指导关系。最后一幅图是我们在上课的时候会重点讲的照相，大家很欢乐，做成一个作品。所以，除了四幅图的要点之外，所以，重点在于一对一这样对应的指导关系。所以写好这样的作文一定要抓住细节，才能得分。还需要注意时态，词汇不要拼写错误，多用复合句式才能体现出亮点。考生切忌在文章开篇犯低级的语法错误，尤其注意时态、单复数及冠词的正确使用。相比于实用性强的应用文来说，情景作文可以在保证要点齐全的前提下适当增加长难句的使用，如对非谓语、三大从句及连词进行灵活运用。
Writing 4
【构思框架】
1. 认真审题，准确定位
本篇书面表达给出了4幅图，认真研读题干，从中可提取以下重要信息：
（1）文体定位：记叙文
（2）内容定位：向学校提建议，解决自行车存放问题
（3）人称定位：第一人称
（4）时态定位：以一般过去时为主
2. 仔细看图，归纳要点
题干要求根据图画的先后顺序行文，首先仔细观察每一幅图画，注意图画中的细节，归纳出每幅图的要点：
图一点明问题：看到自行车存放车处的入口太狭窄；
图二讨论问题：我和同学们一起讨论该如何解决这个问题，并写成一份报告；
图三提交报告：我们把报告交给校长
图四看到变化：我们的建议被采纳，存车处增加了一个入口，问题得到了很好的解决。
3. 遣词造句，呈现要点
第一幅图：There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school.
第二幅图：My classmates and I had a discussion and wrote a report.
第三幅图：We went to meet the headmaster in his office and gave the report to him.
第四幅图：Now it is easy for us to park our bikes there.
另外，在叙述中要注意个要点之间的衔接和过渡。
【优秀满分作文】
There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school. I noticed the entrance was small and almost blocked. So my classmates and I had a discussion and wrote a report. Then we went to meet the headmaster in his office and gave the report to him. He accepted our suggestions. Soon afterwards, a second entrance was opened to the parking place. Now it is easy for us to park our bikes there.
【名师点评】
1. 本篇范文要点齐全，言简意赅，句子之间衔接自然。
2. 前两句开门见山地介绍了发现的问题,almost blocked
两个单词的运用符合图画内容,生动形象;接着用So
把第一幅图画和第二幅图画的内容连接起来,并用
＂had a discussion and wrote a report＂简洁地表达出了
第二幅图画的要点;然后又用一个Then把第二幅图画
的内容和第三幅图画的内容自然地连接起来,用两句
话概括了第三幅图画的所有内容;最后,用Soon
afterwards引出了最后一个要点,同时文章最后一句话
也是点睛之笔,起到了总结作用。
题组二
Writing 1
【审题谋篇】
项目
内容
确定体裁
书面通知
确定结构
活动主题 要求 注意事项 结束语
确定要点
①介绍本次活动的主题
②对参展作品的要求
③展评地点
④颁奖时间
确定时态
一般现在时和一般将来时
确定人称
第二人称为主
【思维导航】
这是一篇书面通知的书面表达，要求作为学生会主席李华，就学校举行的＂校园生活，创意无限＂的活动，给学生出一个书面通知，要点不是通过文字，而是通过图画表示出来，所以考生在写作的时候，要认真看图，通过图画找出所给的重要信息。有活动内容，活动时间地点，和联系人和电话等信息，弄清要点后，关键的是在写作的过程中，也要注意人称，时态语态和常见的语法问题，文章尽量简洁，但是要想得高分，要特别注意使用一些高级词汇和高级句型，如定语从句，强调句，倒装句等，让文章更上档次。
【优秀满分作文】
Notice
An exciting event ＂Innovations on Campus＂ is around the corner. Every one of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and gives full play to your DIY skills.
Note that your innovations must be school things. Along with your wonderful innovation, you need to hand in a report, explaining how the idea occurs to you and what materials you use.
All the collections will be on show from June 16 to 18 in the gym. Looking forward to the prize-giving ceremony? Sure! It’ll be held from 15:00 to 17:00 on June 18. So don’t miss the chance of being the winner. Your contribution will certainly make the event a huge success. For any questions. Call Li Hua at 44876655.
Come on, everybody! It’s your show time.
Student Union
【亮点点击】
所给范文语言简洁，运用了一些词组：around the corner即将到来，Along with连同， hand in上交，occur to使想起，on show展览， Look forward to盼望，句式上体现出多变的特点，如： Every one of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and gives full play to your DIY skills.这句话用了定语从句， Note that your innovations must be school things. 这句话用了宾语从句，Along with your wonderful innovation, you need to hand in a report, explaining how the idea occurs to you and what materials you use.这句话使用现在分词作状语和宾语从句。
【技巧点拨】
1. 书面通知具有以下特点：
(1) 书面通知的正文上面的正中有NOTICE或ANNOUNCEMENT 标志。
(2) 在正文最后的右下角要写上发通知的单位或组织者的姓名。
(3) 在左下角写上发出通知的日期。
2. 书面通知常用的开头语有：
All teachers and students will be required to…(全体师生务必要)
Notice is hereby given that…(兹通知)
Our school / The Student Union will / is going to hold…
A lecture will be given at 7:00 this evening in…
3.常有的结束语有：
Everybody is expected to attend it.
Be sure to attend it on time.
Please / Do be present on time.
Writing 2
【思维导航】
1. 仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确从以上三张图片中选择一张。
2. 根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；就本文而言应该用一般现在时态。但是在具体事例阐述的时
候使用过去时。
3. 注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点。
【优秀满分作文】
Dear Sir/ Madam,
Since the Reading Festival is around the c orner, I’m writing to recommend a picture which can be used in the brochure to remind the students of the pleasure of reading.
In the picture, three students are sitting at the table, discussing heatedly what they have just read. It seems that they have had a lot of fun through the discussion. Though it is admitted that reading is mostly a personal activity which needs quietness and concentration, as far as I’m concerned, it can also be a sharing experience when the same book is being appreciated. Just imagine that you have read a terrific detective story with fascinating and intricate plots. You a re so amazed by the genius of the writer and you can’t help sharing it with your classmates or best friends, who turn out to have been deeply impressed as well. The moment you mention the book, the passion and enthusiasm about the story will explode which can never be gained on your own. My ideal atmosphere of reading is just like that, through which you can not only appreciate the content by yourself, but also have the pleasure of sharing the plots or opinions with your peers, which will ultimately enhance your un derstanding of the book. To sum up, the reason of my recommendation is quite simple an d apparent that reading, instead of being dull and isolating, can be full of participation and common interest. I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestion into consideration and I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Pan Yang
【亮点点击】
本文结构紧凑，层次分明，而且使用了多种句式和结构。
运用定语从句a picture which can be used in the brochure to remind the students of the pleasure of reading; a personal activity which needs quietness and concentration; your classmates or best friends, who turn out to have been deeply impressed as well；My ideal atmosphere of reading is just like that, through which you can not only appreciate the content by yourself, but also have the pleasure of sharing the plots or opinions with your peers, which will ultimately enhance your understanding of the book；
运用连词 Though；
运用副词 deeply 修饰impressed；
运用了宾语从句discussing heatedly what they have just read；It seems that they have had a lot of fun through the discussion; Just imagine that you have read a terrific detective story; it is admitted that reading is mostly a personal activity；I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestion into consideration；
此外，文章还使用了大量习语和短语，如not only …but also; as far as I’m concerned; To sum up ; share with; 等。
Writing 3
【构思框架】
1. 认真审题，准确定位
研读题干，从题干中我们可提取一下重要信息，这些信息从体裁、内容等方面对行文进行了限定：
（1）文体定位：周记
（2）内容定位：爸爸出差期间照顾妈妈
（3）人称定位：第一人称为主
（4）时态定位：以一般过去时为主
（5）表达方式定位：叙述
2. 读图描图，提取信息
题干要求根据图画的先后顺序行文，首先我们要读图，然后通过分析将图片传达的信息罗列出来。对于比较重要的内容，可适当地发挥想象增加合情合理的细节。
图一：爸爸因出差离家，向我和妈妈辞行。
图二：我发现妈妈生病了。（可适当增加心理描写来表示自己对妈妈的担心和关爱）
图三：我照顾生病的妈妈。（可适当增加照顾妈妈的细节信息；给妈妈拿药，给妈妈做饭等）
图四：爸爸返家，妈妈告知爸爸他出差期间发生的事情，爸爸表扬了我。
3. 遣词造句，呈现要点
第二步中所列的要点是文章需要呈现的基本信息，想要得到一个基本的分数的话，需要把这些要点正确地表达出来。
要点信息呈现：
▼爸爸向我和妈妈辞行，之后出差了。
My father said goodbye to my mother and me and went on a business trip./ My father said goodbye to my mother and me for a business trip.
▼第二天早上我发现妈妈觉得不舒服，她感冒了。
The next morning, I found my mother wasn’t feeling well. She had a cold.
▼我马上给妈妈拿了药。
I immediately went to get her some medicine.
▼在我的特别照顾下，妈妈很快康复了。
With my special care, my mother recovered quickly./ My mother picked up soon with my special care.
▼爸爸回来后，妈妈告诉了他发生的事情。爸爸因我的行为表扬了我。
When my father came back home, my mother told him what had happened. He praised me for what I had done.
4. 增添细节，组句成篇
将第三步中所列的句子进行有机的整合，在增添一些具体的细节，然后用适当的过渡词将所有句子有机地融合成一篇文章。
【优秀满分作文】
Last Monday,my father said goodbye to my mother and me and went on a business trip. He would be away for three days. Just the next morning, I found my mother wasn’t feeling well. She had a cold. I immediately went to get her some medicine and then prepared some noodles for her. With my special care, my mother recovered quickly. When my father came back home, my mother told him what had happened. He praised me for what I had done.
I feel very happy that I have done something for my mother.
Writing 4
【思维导航】
延续2012年的命题风格,2013年福建卷书面表达继续以漫画的形式命题,漫画反映了当今家庭＂以孩子为中心,父母是臣仆＂这一社会现象,发人深省。作文内容要求考生＂描述漫画内容,分析漫画所揭示的社会问题并提出看法＂。由此审题得知:文章分为三段,首段直观描述漫画内容,第二段联系本文题干从＂孩子的成长和教育＂＂父母包办＂＂孩子过分依赖父母＂等角度分析产生这一问题的原因,第三段提出自己的看法并提出合理化建议。写作时注意时态,描写漫画时应用一般现在时。另外注意用高级词汇和复杂句式提升文章档次。
【优秀满分作文】
From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet.The son, well dressed, waves proudly in the middle while the father behind bends forward to hold the jacket and the mother in front rolls out the carpet, sweating.
It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families, shouldering the hope of their parents. Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success. As a consequence, children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.
Such a situation is of great concern. In my opinion, overprotection and too much care are extremely bad for children’s development. Instead of doing everything for them, parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves. Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful.
【亮点点击】
本文覆盖全部写作要点,语言规范,论证有力,是难得的佳作。写作亮点:一是段落清晰,首段描述漫画内容,第二段深入分析其社会、家庭原因,第三段提出针对性很强的建议。二是高级词汇和短语俯拾皆是,如proudly, sweating, nowadays, shouldering, independent, overprotection, extremely, reliant on, spare no effort以及of great concern等。三是复杂句式应用得当,如第一段中的sweating和第二段中的shouldering the hope的非谓语作伴随状语,so reliant on their parents that..引导结果状语从句,Only in this way...构成的倒装句式等。四是衔接自然:第一段while表示前后对比,第二段的as a consequence, 第三段的in my opinion, instead of都为本文增色不少。
Writing 5
【思维导航】
此篇书面表达要求我们运用夹叙夹议的写作手法:第一段我们先对两幅图进行简单的描述;第二段对图片内容进行分析;最后一段将分析的结果运用到我们生活实际当中,此段是重点,应当多用一些笔墨。
【优秀满分作文】
Actions Speak Louder than Words
People celebrate Earth Day differently. In Picture 1, a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps, but in vain, while Picture 2 shows a couple happily planting trees.
The message conveyed here is clear: ＂Actions speak louder than words.＂ Our earth is suffering severe damage. Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it? The answer is definitely the latter. Immediate actions should be taken, like stopping cutting down trees to better the environment.
Actions are important in other fields, too. Instead of shouting empty slogans, it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need. We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules, stopping at the red light rather than complaining about traffic jams. Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.
【亮点点击】
本文语言规范,条理清楚,脉络清晰。过渡性词汇In Picture 1, while Picture 2等的使用使文章内容更连贯,逻辑更严密。每段的第一句都是此段的主题句,这使文章看起来重点突出。最后一段中的＂stopping at the red light rather than complaining about traffic jams＂(现在分词短语作状语)和＂Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.＂(倒装和宾语从句)是此篇文章高级句式的亮点。
Writing 1（2016—2017学年北京市东城区高三上学期期末考试）
假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的学生李华。你和同学们在学校观看神舟十一号载人飞船发射直播。请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，给校刊＂英语角＂写一篇英文稿件，介绍当天的活动。
注意：1.词数不少于60。
2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：点火:ignite
Last Monday I had an unforgettable #experience. I watched the launch of Shenzhou XI manned spacecraft through TV at school.
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Writing 2（2016—2017学年北京市西城区高三上学期期末考试）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。上周，你班同学为迎接新年的到来，为元旦联欢会精心策划准备。请你按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，以＂Preparations for New Year’s Party＂为题，给校刊写一篇英文稿件，介绍准备联欢会的全过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
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Writing 3（2016—2017学年江苏省启东中学高三上学期期末考试）
网络时代有些孩子沉溺于网上交流而忽视了与父母的沟通，请根据下面图画，简要说明图画中所表达的内容，阐述这种现象的原因和你的看法。写一篇150字左右短文。
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Writing 4（2017届山东省师范大学附属中学高三上学期第三次模拟）
下面这幅图展现了小明在放学路上因公交车故障欲向路人借手机联系父母的情景。请根据你对这幅图的理解用英语写一篇短文向《中学生英语报·热点栏目》投稿。
1.简要描述图片内容；
2.结合自身实际,谈谈你的感想。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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Writing 1
【参考范文】
Last Monday I had an unforgettable experience. I watched the launch of Shenzhou XI manned spacecraft on TV at school.
Early in the morning, we gathered on the playground anxiously waiting for the launch. We all looked at the big screen attentively. Hearing ＂5, 4, 3, 2, 1. Ignite! Go!＂, I felt my heart beating fast. With a mass of orange flames, the spacecraft gradually flew into space, carrying our Chinese Dream. The moment it was announced that the launch was successfully accomplished, we burst into applause. We were so thrilled that we jumped, cheering the launch.
Later that day, we had a heated discussion about what to do to celebrate the launch. We finally reached an agreement to make a wall newspaper. When the designing was done, we set about working on it. All of us did our bit and the wall newspaper was soon finished.
I’ll never forget this precious moment. The magnificent launch not only impresses us deeply but motivates us to do our best at school so that we can also make some contributions to our country.
Writing 2
【参考范文】
Preparations for New Year’s Party
Last Monday, realizing the new year of 2017 was coming, some of my classmates and I came up with an idea that we should hold a party to celebrate it. Without any delay we had a heated discussion about what to prepare and put down all the things needed on a list. Right after school, we headed to the nearby supermarket for shopping. Besides the decorations, we also bought some fruit and drinks.
The day before the party, we started to decorate the classroom. While I was writing ＂Happy New Year＂ on the blackboard, my classmates put up the paper festoons and balloons, cleaned the floor, and arranged the desks and chairs. Soon, the whole classroom took on a new look. At the sight of the scene, our head teacher gave us a thumbs-up.
What a joyful party would it be? A big smile spread across our faces.
Writing 3
【参考范文】
As is vividly portrayed in the picture, occupied in chatting on the Internet, a boy refuses to talk with his mother. The mother can do nothing but stand behind the boy, depressed.
It is the exact reflection of lack of communication between parents and children. Several reasons contribute to it. First, the Internet provides us with a place where we can communicate with different people, in which case we are addicted to the virtual world and keep our distance from people around us. Besides, pressure from study drives us to seek excitement on the Internet. Also, parents, busy with their work, spare little time to stay with their children.
As far as I’m concerned, some effective measures should be taken by parents and children. In terms of children, we should cut back on the time when they play computers and be aware of the negative effects of the Internet. Parents and children should exchange their ideas and feelings regularly.
Writing 4
【参考范文】
To help or not to help, that is a question we are facing these days. Recently the case of Xiaoming has again aroused a heated discussion.
As the picture shows, Xiaoming has trouble getting back home because the bus he takes breaks down halfway. Therefore he turns to some passers-by for help so as to inform his parents. However, it turns out to be a great disappointment that his request is turned down again and again. When asked for help, some people simply regard his as a liar to cheat them of their mobile phones while others consider it none of their business and even pretend to take no notice of what has happened.
Personally speaking, I feel deeply sorry for what has happened to Xiaoming and I do think it is high time we showed our kindness whenever needed. To help or not to help will never be a question, for I firmly believe the more help you offer, the more you will get out of your kindness.
Writing 1
假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按如下要求完成一篇短文：
1．简要描述下图内容，并点明主题；
2．联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。
注意：1. 词数不少于120个；
2. 不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
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Writing 2
你将参加学校举办的英语作文比赛,参赛者需要根据下面的图画进行写作。请你根据下图写一篇英语作文。
内容包括:
1. 描述图画的内容;
2. 分析这种社会现象;
3. 针对这种现象发表你的看法。
注意:词数120左右。
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Writing 3
下面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家的妈妈拿包的情景。请根据你对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。
你的短文应包含以下内容：
1．描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等；
2．结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想；
3．举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。
注意：
1. 可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。
2. 词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
3. 作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。
The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children. ________________________________________________________________
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Writing 4
假如你叫李华，请写封电子邮件邀请你校住在长城宾馆的交换生Tom明天去听演讲，按活动日程表简述活动内容，按所给路线图写明步行去科学宫的路线。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to tell you_________________________________________________________________________
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Yours,
Li Hua
Writing 1
【思路点拨】
本文为一篇看图作文，要求考生简要描述图画内容，并点明主题。同时要求联系实际，谈谈该图带来的启示。属半开放性作文。应用第一人称写作，基本时态为一般现在时。可按＂三段式＂来写此文——描写图画、联系实际和谈谈启示。开头段描写图画，就图写图，无需发挥任何的主观意见和言论。首先描写图画：海洋由水滴组成、森林由树木组成、社会由个人组成。最后一句点明主题＂积少成多＂。要力求句式多变，避免表达的单调。第二段为文章主体段，此段可联系学生学校生活的实际，分析 ＂积少成多＂的哲理。结尾段谈启示和感受，要注意前后呼应，深化主题。
【优秀满分作文】
As can be seen in the picture, a sea is made up of many drops of water, and a forest consists of a lot of trees. Millions of persons make up the society. The picture tells us that a great number results from accumulation.
In our daily life, we can find many such examples. Everybody is born to this world knowing nothing. By learning the knowledge little by little, we become more knowledgeable. Now, we are graduating from the senior middle school. Every student in Senior 3 may have experienced many tests as well as many failures. After so many tests and failures, most of us feel our grades have improved gradually and we are more confident of our success in the college entrance examinations.
In a word, nobody can be successful overnight. As an English proverb goes, Rome is not built in one day. We must work hard if we want to succeed. Only through our persistent efforts and diligence can we realize our great dream.
【名师点评】
文章很好地完成了试题规定的任务：首先作者描述了图画内容，点明主题：积少成多。第二段作者联系现实，举了两个例子来进一点论述这个哲理。第三段作者谈到了自己的感受，认为我们要想取得成功，就必须付出努力，呼应了前文，深化了主题。本文层次清楚，脉络清晰，要点表达完整，表达方式灵活多样，如，表达＂由……组成＂时作者使用了三个不同的短语：be made up of, consist of, make up，避免了用词上的单调重复。
英语谚语＂Rome is not built in one day＂的使用恰到好处，增加了文章的说服力和逻辑性。倒装句(Only through our persistent efforts and diligence can we realize our great dream.)、定语从句(As an English proverb goes)及条件状语从句(We must work hard if we want to succeed)的运用不仅增添了文章的表现力，而且还让读者读起来朗朗上口。本文不愧为一篇上乘之作。
Writing 2
【优秀满分作文】
The picture shows that a boy is going to take the College Entrance Examination. His mother is giving him
some medicine to take while his father is asking him to read his book for a few minutes. Actually what the parents do makes the boy stressed out.
Such a scene is not alone in. Many parents are doing everything they can to make sure their children are working hard at their lessons so that they can be admitted into famous universities. At school, teachers give the students a lot of schoolwork to do to ensure they perform well in the examination.
We students are living under great pressure, so we need good rest and relaxation. I hope parents and teachers can understand us better.
【亮点点击】
范文第一段形象生动地描述了图画的内容,第二段从家长、教师两个角度分析了这种社会现象,最后一段作者表达了自己的心声:希望老师和家长能够理解高三学生,主动为学生减压。
第一段使用一般现在时和现在进行时描述图画,表达生动。＂Actually what the parents do makes the boy stressed out.＂一句言简意赅,揭示了问题所在,起到了画龙点睛的作用。
＂Many parents are doing everything they can to make sure their children are working hard at their lessons so that they can be admitted into famous universities.＂一句含有定语从句、动词不定式、宾语从句和目的状语从句,包含了多种语法结构,令人眼前一亮。
Writing 3
【思路点拨】
本文为看图作文，考查角度独到新颖(为家长减负)，主题是孝敬父母。描述图片内容时应使用第三人称，在写自己的感想和减负措施时应用第一人称。短文基本时态应为一般现在时。可按题目提供的内容来安排写作顺序。文章可分为三个部分：(1)描述图片内容；(2)自己的感想；(3)举例说明自己为家长减负可做的事情。后两个部分为开放性写作，考生可根据自己的生活体验来自由发挥。
【优秀满分作文】
The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.
The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day’s work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels.
All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But, totally engaged in my own study, I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels, and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself, so as to share mother’s daily burden. The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a ＂good＂ student.
As can be seen in the picture, 图画内容. The picture tells us概括图片大意．
The implied meaning of this picture should be taken into consideration seriously. To begin with, 揭示含义/原因/结果1. Second, 揭示含义/原因/结果2.
In my opinion/ As for me, we should take some measures to deal with the problem. First we should具体措施1. Second, we must具体措施2. Only in this way can we solve the problem of 图画内容．
Writing 4
【优秀满分作文】
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to tell you that there will be a lecture on pollution given by professor Wang from Nanjing University in the Science Palace at 8:00 tomorrow morning. If you are interested in the lecture, why not come? The lecture is to begin at 8:00 so please get to the Science Palace by 7:50.
The Science Palace is not far from your hotel. You may walk there. When you get out of the hotel, turn left and walk down the street until you come to a traffic light. Take a right turn there, walk two crossings, and you will see a post office. The Science Palace is next to it.