图说英语：初三英语课本知识点总结梳理1
Unit 1 How do you study for a test?
〖单词〗
1. pronunciation (n) 发音；发音法
(v) pronounce 发…音；正确（或清晰地）吐（字、音等）
2. memorize (v) 记住；熟记 = learn…by heart
(n) memory 记忆力
3. frustrate (v) 使失望；使沮丧；使厌烦
(adj) frustrated （某人）感到沮丧的；失意的
(adj) frustrating (某物)令人失望的；令人沮丧的
4. excited (adj) (某人)激动的；兴奋的
exciting (adj) (某物)令人激动的；兴奋的
5. mistake ①(n) 错误；过失②(v) 弄错；犯错
mistake A for B : 把A错认为B
eg. People often mistake me for my brother.
人们经常把我错认为是我哥哥。
make a mistake = make mistakes 犯错；出错
6. solution (n) 解决；解答
（v）solve 解决；解答
7. complete ①(adj) 完整的；完全的②(v) 完成
8. sentence ①（n）句子 ②(v)判决；宣判
sentence sb to death 判处某人死刑
9. secret (n) 秘诀；诀窍；秘密
（n） secretary 秘书；书记
10. impress (v) 使感动；使印象深刻
impress sb with…: 在…方面给某人留下印象
11. trouble (n) 困难；苦恼；忧虑
in trouble 处于困境中
have trouble doing : 做…遇到麻烦
12. regard (v) 将…视为/ 当作
regard…as :把…视为/当作
eg. He always regards himself as a man.
他总是把自己当作男子汉。
13. disagreement (n) 分歧；不一致；意见不合
(v) disagree 不同意 (v) agree 同意
14. development (n) 发育；成长；发展
(v) develop 发展 (adj) developing 发展中的
(adj) developed 发达的
15. psychologist (n) 心理学家；心理研究者
(n) psychology 心理学
Section A
〖知识点及短语〗
1.by doing通过/靠做…
eg. I improve hearing by listening to tapes.
我通过听磁带来提高我的听力。
2. the best ways to learn English学习英语的最好方法
此处的to learn English是动词不定式作定语。
3. too…to : 太…而不能
注意与so…that和not enough to的替换
eg.①He is tooyoung to go to school.
= He is so young that he can’t go to school.
= He isn’t old enough to go to school.
②He runs so fast that we can’t catch up with him.
= He runs too fast for us to catch up.
③The box is too heavy for me to lift.
这个箱子对我而言太重了而不能提起。
注意：在too…to结构中，如果不定式(to do)后面的宾语是该句的主语，则应省去to do后的宾语。如上面的例②、③
4. keep a diary 记日记
5. in… way 用…的方法
inthat way 用那种方法
6. speaking skills 说话技能/技巧
7. read aloud 朗读
8. What about reading aloudto practice pronunciation? 朗读来练习发音如何？
注意这里的to practice pronunciation是动词不定式表目的，作目的状语。
9. look up (在字、词典中)查找
10. ask sb aboutsth 询问某人某事的情况
11. more specific 更特别 most specific 最特别
12. He finds watching movies frustrating. 他发现看电影令人失望。
find + 宾语 + adj 发现/觉得…怎么样。
find sb doing 发现某人在做…
find it +adj +to do 发觉做…怎么样
eg.① I find English very easy. 我觉得英语很简单。
② I found a boy singing under the tree.我发现有个男孩在树下唱歌。
③ I find itdifficult to learn math. 我觉得学习数学难。
13. be / get excited aboutsth 对某事感到兴奋
14. end up doing以做…而告终
15. do a survey about…做一个…方面的调查。
16. Can I ask you somequestions?(提建议的问句中用some)
Section B and Self-check
〖知识点及短语〗
1. spokenEnglish 英语口语
2. ingrammar 在语法上
get…right 使…正确；纠正…
eg.① Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干净
②Get Mr. Green to come. 让格林先生进来
③We hadsome photos taken in the park yesterday.
昨天我们在公园了请人拍了些相。
④You should get your hair cut.你应该请人理发。
4. I don’t have a partner to practice Englishwith.
我没有练习英语的同伴。
[注意]：该句是不定式作定语，见Section A中的解释。
5.It’s +adj + of/forsb to do sth.:对某人而言，做…是…的
当形容词用于修饰人时，介词用of. 常见的此类形容词有：kind ; good ; clever ; careful ; polite ; right ; wrong. 其余情况用for.
1)It’s veryclever of you to do that.对你来说，那样做是明智的。（那样做，你很明智）
2)It’s hard forme to work out the problem.对我来说，算出这道题是困难的。
6. to begin with = at first 起初
eg. To begin with, the day was fine, but then it began to rain. 起初天气很好，但后来开始下雨。
7. later on 后来；稍后
eg.①Don’t be afraid to ask questions. 别怕问问题。
②He is afraid of speaking in public.
他怕在公共场所说话。
9. take notes 做笔记
10. make sentences 造句
11. impress sb with…: 在…方面给某人留下印象
eg. The girl impressed her friends withher sense of humor. 这个女孩的幽默感给她的朋友留下了印象。
12. write down 写下
13. 常见的系动词有：
①是：am 、is、 are
②保持：keep、 stay
③转变：become、 get、 turn
④ ……起来 feel、 look、 smell、 taste、 sound
14. native speakers 本族语的说话者
〖Reading〗
〖知识点及短语〗
1. deal with 处理；应付
eg.—What have you done withyour book?
—I have sold it.
2. unless = if…not 如果不，除非
用于引导条件状语从句（注意“主将从现”）
eg. Don’t leave the room unlessyou’re told to do so.
不经允许，不得离开这个房间。
3. be angry withsb (about sth) （因某事）生某人的气
4. go by (指时间)过去；消逝
5. for long = for a long time 长时间
6. complain about… 抱怨…
7. change/ turn … into … 把…变成…
8. try one’s best = do one’s best 尽力
try one’s best to do sth. 尽力做…
9. withthe help of = with one’s help 在某人的帮助下
eg. Withmy teacher’s help, I passed the math exam.
在我老师的帮助下，我通过了这次数学考试。
10. think of (think about) 想起，想到
11. compare… to… :把…比作…
compare…with…把…和…作比较
eg.①We comparehim to a little tiger.我们把他比作小老虎。
②We compared the translation withthe original. 我们把译文和原文比较了下。
12. regard…as… 把…当作…
The boy always regards himself as a man.
这男孩总是把自己当成男子汉。
13. break off 中断，突然终止
〖句子〗
1. How do youstudy for a test? 你怎样为考试做准备？
2. I have learned a lot that way. 用那种方法，我已经学到了很多东西。
3.It’s toohard to understand the voice. 听懂那些声音太难了。
4.Memorizingthe words of pop songs also helped a little.记忆流行歌曲的词也起一点作用。
5. Wei Ming feelsdifferently. 卫明有不同的感受。
6.He finds watching movies frustrating. 他觉得看电影让人感到沮丧.
7.She added that having conversations withfriends was not helpful at all. 她又说和朋友对话根本没用。
8.I don’t have a partner to practice English with. 我没有一起练习英语的搭档。
9.Later on, I realized that it doesn’t matter if you don’t understand every word.随后，我认识到听不懂每个词并没有关系。
10.It’s amazing how much this helped. 惊异于这些方法竟如此有用。
11.My teacher isvery impressed. 给老师留下了深刻的印象。
12.She had trouble makingcomplete sentences. 她很难造出完整的句子。
13.What do you think you are doing? 你认为你在做什么？
14.Most people speak English asa second language. 英语对于大多数人来说是第二语言。
15.How do we deal with our problem? 我们怎样处理我们的问题？
16.It is our duty to tryour best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teachers. 在老师的帮助下尽我们最大的努力来应对挑战是我们的责任。
Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the dark
〖单词〗
1. used to 过去经常；以前常常（后接不定式，表示过去的习惯）[注：used读作/ju:st/]
be / get used to 习惯于…
be / get used to doing 习惯于做…
2. go to sleep = fall asleep 入睡
3. candy (Un) 糖果
4. gum (Un) 口香糖
5. chat 聊天；闲谈 chat with 和…聊天
6. death (n) 死；死亡
die (v)死 dead (adj) 死的
6. patient ①adj 有耐心的；忍耐的②n 病人
7. in the end = at last / finally 最后；终于
8. no longer = not … any longer 不再
Section A
〖知识点及短语〗
1. used to do 过去常常
1)否定式为: didn"t used to或used not to
2)一般疑问句: Did … use to…
eg.①He didn"t use tobe a teacher
= He used not to be a teacher. 他过去不是老师。
②Did you use to have long hair? 你过去留长发吗？
③You used to be really quiet, didn"t you?
你过去很文静，对吗？
另外注意短语：
此处的to是介词，所以后接doing.
eg. ①He is used tohard work. 他习惯于艰辛的工作。
②My grandfather gets used to living in the countryside. 我爷爷习惯于住在乡村。
2. be on … team 参加…队；是…队的队员。
eg. He is on our school football team. 他是我们学校足球队的队员。
3. be terrified of = be afraid of 害怕
4. I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉。
注意：这里的with my bedroom light on是独立主格结构。独立主格结构的构成如下：
with + 名词 + 副词（形容词、介词、分词、不定式）这种结构在句中长作状语，分词的形式是由前后的名词决定的。主动关系用doing ;被动关系用done(过去分词)。
eg.①I won’t be able to go on holiday withmy mother being ill. 妈妈病了，我将不能去度假。
②The weather was even colder with the wind blowing. 刮风了，天气更冷了。
③He usually works in his study with the door locked 他通常锁着门在书房工作。
④My uncle usually sleeps with his half open.
我叔叔通常半睁着眼睡觉。
Section B
〖知识点及短语〗
1. walk toschool = go to school on foot 步行上学
takethe bus to school = go to school by bus
乘公共汽车去上学
2. worryabout 担心
3. all the time 一直；总是
4. so + 形/副
such + 形 + 名
但注意：
1) so +形+a / an + 单名= such a /an +形 +单名
2)so (many / much / few / little) + 名
3)so… that ; such … that如此…以致…
5. go right home 直接回家
eg.①I spent 10 yuan onthe book.我花了10元买这本书
②I spent 2 days finishing the work.我花了两天的时间完成这项工作。
③I paid ten yuan forthe book. 我花了10元买这本书。
④Ittook her 20 minutes to do the math problem yesterday. 昨天做这道数学题花了她20分钟。
⑤The book cost me ten yuan. 这本书我花了10元。
7. chat with 和…聊天
Reading
〖知识点及短语〗
eg ①Can you afford a new car?你买得起新车吗？
②I can’t afford to buy a computer.我不能支付买电脑的钱。
2. His mother looked after him as well as she could.
=His mother looked after him as well as possible.
他的母亲尽可能地照顾好他。
注意以下两点：
1) as … as possible = as …as sb can 尽可能
as much as possible 尽可能多
as good as possible 尽可能好
as quickly as possible 尽可能快
I’ll study English as hard as I could.我会尽力学英语。
2) as well as 还可以作为介词短语，意思是“和；不仅…而且…”， 强调前者. (若引导主语, 谓动与前者在人称和数上一致。
eg.①Living things need air and light as well as water.生命不仅需要水, 还需要空气和阳光.
②The teacher as well as his students is going camping tomorrow. 明天老师和学生一起要去野营。
另外注意：由介词和介词短语连接的两名词作主语，谓语由前者决定的有以下这些：
but(除…外) ; except(除…外) ; with(和);like(像); together with(和…一起)
eg.①A woman with two children is coming to the shop. 一位妇女和两个小孩要来这家商店。
②Nobody except his parents knows of it.
除了他父母之外，没有人知道此事。
3. get into 陷入（麻烦、困境等）
get into trouble 遇到麻烦
4. in the end = at last = finally 最后；终于
5. make a decision 做决定；下决心
6. to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是…
eg. To my surprise, the little girl drank so much wine.
使我吃惊的是，这小女孩喝了这么多酒。
7. even though 即使；尽管；纵然
no more (用在句中)=not…any more (用在句尾)
8. 指动作的重复;
no longer (用在句中)=not…any longer (用在句尾) 指时间、状态的延续.
9.take pride in = be proud of 以…而自豪/骄傲
10.pay attention to 留心；注意
注意该短语中的to是介词，如果后面接动词，应用-ing形式，即：pay attention to doing 注意做…
eg. You must pay attention to listening to the teacher carefully. 你一定要认真听老师讲。
eg. English is very important. You mustn’t give up learningEnglish. 英语很重要。你千万别放弃学英语。
12. change one’smind 改变主意
eg. You’d better leave before I change mymind.
你最好在我改变主意之前离开。
13. die (v.) 死；死亡 dead (adj.) 死的
dying (adj) 垂死的 death (n.) 死
①His father died10 years ago.他父亲十年前去世了。
②His father has been deadfor 10 years. 他父亲死了10年了。
③The doctor saved the dyingman.这位医生拯救了那位即将死去的人。
④His father’s deathmade him sad.他父亲的死使他悲伤
Unit 3
Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes
〖单词〗
1.silly = foolish 愚蠢的；傻的
2. instead of 代替；而不是 注意区别：instead
3. present ①(n)目前；现在②(adj)出席的；在场的
③(n)礼物=gift
4. at present = at the moment ; now 目前；现在
5. opportunity = chance (n) 机会；时机
6. sleepy (adj) 困倦的；不活跃的
sleep (v) 睡觉
7. reply (v) 回答；答复
reply for sb 代表某人做答辩（答谢祝酒）
make reply 做答复 make no reply 不做答复
8. in the way 挡道的；妨碍人的
out of the way 不挡道的
9. achieve (v) 完成；实现
achievement (n) 成绩；成就
10. importance (n) 重要；重要性
important (adj) 重要的
11. care about 担心；关心
care for = look after 照顾
Section A
〖知识点及短语〗
1. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
其被动结构为：Sb be allowed to do sth 某人被允许做某事
eg. ①Teenagers should be allowed to go to the movies.青少年应该允许去看电影。
②Parents should allow us to play with our friends.
其被动结构为：
We should be allowed to play with our friends.
我们应该允许和朋友一起玩。
另外注意：allow doing 允许做…
eg. We don’t allow eatingin the classrooms. 我们不允许在教室吃东西。
2. Sixteen-year-oldsshould be allowed to drive.
应该允许十六岁的孩子开车。
注意sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls
3. get / have sth done(过去分词) 让/请某人做某事
①get ears pierced 让人穿耳
②We had some photos taken in Beijing
在北京，我们请人拍了几张照片。
③My computer is broken. I have to have it mended. 我的电脑坏了，我得请人修理它。
4.driver’s license 驾照
①The room is big enoughfor the meeting
这个房间用来开会够大了。
②He knows clearly enoughabout the matter.
他对那件事知道得够清楚。
③I have enough moneyto buy the house .
= I have money enoughto buy the house.
我有足够的钱买那套房子。
6. cut one’s hair 理发
eg.
①I don’t needhis help.（need作实义动词，借助do变否定）
②Doeshe need to know all?（need作实义动词，借助does变一般疑问句）
③You needn’t help me (need作情态动词，变否定句直接加not, 后接动词原形help)
④You need to explain the question once more.(You执行“explain”这一动作，表主动，所以用need to explain)
⑤The trees need watering = The trees need to be watered. (The trees不能执行 “water”这一动作，表被动，所以用need watering)
10.so 句型
so + be(助、情) + 主语：“也如此”= too
so + 主语 + be(助、情)：“的确如此”
eg.1)I watched TV last night, and so didshe.
昨晚我看了电视，她也看了。= and she did ,too
2)I watch TV every day, and so does he.
我每天看电视，他也如此。= and he does ,too
3)I can swim, so I can. 我会游泳，真的是这样。
注意：表示“也不如此”用neither / nor
eg. Ididn’t watch TV last night, neither did she
= I didn’t watch TV last night, she didn’t, either
11. I have to be home by 10:00 pm.
我必须在晚上十点以前到家。
注意这里的by指的是“时间的截止点”，即：“到…为止”“在…之前”的意思。
12. stay (at) home 呆在家
13. stay up 不睡觉；熬夜
14. clean up 把…收拾干净
Section B and Self Check
〖知识点及短语〗
1. take the test 参加考试
2. pass the test 通过考试/ 考试过关
3. fail (in) a math test 没有通过数学考试/ 数学考试不及格
5. the other day = a few days ago 几天前
6. would like to do= want to do=feel like doing 想要做…
eg.You should concentrate more on savingmoney rather than spending it. 你应该更注意节省钱，而不是花钱。（比起花钱来说，你应该更节省钱）
8. learn from :向…学习
learn sth from sb:向某人学习某事
9. at present = at the moment ; now 现在，目前
10. I can’t choose which pair of jeans to buy. They both look good onme.我无法选择买哪条牛仔裤。（穿）在我身上他们都好看。
11. at least 至少；最少 at most 至多；最多
12. old people’s home 养老院
13. more often = oftener 更频繁
most often = oftenest 最频繁
14. newspaper office 报社
15. have / take +时间+off: 有（多久）的休息时间；休息（多久）的时间
eg. ① havetwo days off 有两天的休息
②I want to take a night off 我想休息一晚
16. agree withsb : 同意某人（的意见）
agree to sth : 同意某事
eg. I agree ____ your idea. 我同意你的主意。
〖Reading〗
〖知识点及短语〗
①You mustn’t let your social life get in the way of your studies. 你千万别让社交生活影响你的学业。
②Why did you stand in the way?你为什么当道？
2. runningstar 赛跑明星
3. His parents won’t allow him to train as much as he would like to. 他的父母不允许他按意愿去训练。
注意：as…as中间只能用形、副的原形
eg.①She works as hard as her sister.
她工作和她姐姐一样努力。
②He doesn"tplay the piano as well as me.
他弹钢琴不如我好。
③Please come back as soon as you can/ possible 请尽快回来。
④You should speak English as much as you can.你应该尽可能多说英语。
4. achieve one’s dreams 实现梦想
5.We have nothing against running! 我们不反对跑步。
6. be serious about 对…严肃/认真
eg. We should be serious about doing homework.
我们对做作业应该认真。
7. care about 关心；担心
8. Only then will Ihave a chance of achieving my dream.
只有那样我才会有实现自己梦想的机会。
①of achieving = to achieve 作定语
② “only + 状语”开头时，句子要倒装
介词短语、副词、状语从句等
eg.(1)Only after a yeardid Ibegin to see the result of my work 只是过了一年后，我才开始看到工作的成果。
(2)Only when the war was overwas Einstein to go back to his work.只是在战争结束后，爱因斯坦才将重返工作。