英语语法之动名词短语：动名词短语的定义（组成部分和实例）
Gerund Phrase: Definition, Components and Examples of Gerund Phrase动名词短语：动名词短语的定义、组成部分和实例
What is a gerund phrase? In this lesson, you will learn the definition, different components of a gerund phrase in English grammar. You will also find useful examples and forms of gerund phrases with ESL infographic. 什么是动名词短语？在本节，您将学习英语语法中动名词短语的定义、不同组成部分。您还将找到使用信息图形的动名词短语的有用示例和形式。
What Is a Gerund Phrase? 什么是动名词短语?
It is a phrase that starts with a gerund and acts as a noun. To understand this better lets, define a gerund. A gerund is a verb that ends with –ing, but it functions as a noun and can also function as a complement, subject or object in a sentence. In other words, a phrase is a multi-word composed of a subject or a verb and not both. So, in simple terms gerund phrase can function as a complement, subject, or object while making the sentence more descriptive. 这是一个以动名词开头的短语，用作名词。为了更好地理解这一点，我们来定义动名词。动名词是指以-ing结尾的动词，但它可以作名词，也可以作句子中的补语、主语或宾语。换句话说，一个短语是一个多词组成的主语或动词，而不是两者都有。因此，在简单术语中，动名词短语可以作为补语、主语或宾语，同时使句子更具描述性
Gerund Phrase Examples动名词短语的例子
Let’s look at the examples of gerund phrases. 让我们来看动名词短语的例子。
Vying for Gubernatorial posts is a serious ambition.争夺州长职位是雄心壮志Here “Vying for gubernatorial post” is the gerund phrase. 这里的“争夺州长职位”是动名词短语。
Breastfeedinga baby regularly can help her to do away with hunger pains.定期母乳喂养婴儿可以帮助她消除饥饿感。Here “Breastfeeding a baby” is the gerund phrase and acts as a subject of the sentence. 这里的“母乳喂养婴儿”是动名词，是句子的主语。
A serious challenge to graduates is waiting to be employed.毕业生面临的严峻挑战正在等待就业。Here “Waiting to be employed” is the gerund phrase and acts as a complement to the subject (challenge). 这里的“等待就业”是动名词短语，是对主体（挑战）的补充。
I love writing with a pen.我喜欢用钢笔写字。“Writing with a pen” is the gerund phrase and functions as a direct object. It receives the action of the verb “love.” “用钢笔写字”是动名词，是直接的对象。它接收动词“ love”的动作
Components of a Gerund Phrase动名词短语的组成部分
A gerund phrase is composed of a gerund and a phrase. 动名词短语由动名词和短语组成。
Gerund动名词
A gerund is a verb that ends with –ing, but it does not act as an action word in a sentence. It acts as a noun instead. To differentiate regular verbs ending with –ing from a gerund is to take a close look at the same word being used in either way. 动名词是以-ing结尾的动词，但它在句子中不充当动作词。它充当名词。要区分以–ing结尾的常规动词和动名词，就是要仔细观察同一个词在这两种情况下的用法。
Examples:示例：
The kids were playing in the field.孩子们在操场上玩耍。Here “playing” is a verb, and “kids” is a subject that takes the action of a verb. 这里“playing”是一个动词，“kids”是一个充当动词动作的主语。
Playing is what I love the most.打球是我最喜欢的。Here “Playing” is a gerund since it’s the subject. 这里“Playing”是动名词，因为它是主题。
Harriet is chatting with John.哈里特正在和约翰聊天。In this sentence, “chatting” is a verb since it’s the action being done by the subject (Harriet). 在这个句子中，“聊天”是一个动词，因为它是主语所做的动作（Harriet）。
Most young people like chatting.大多数年轻人喜欢聊天。Here “chatting” is a gerund. It’s the object that receives the action of the verb “like.” 这里“聊天”是动名词。它是接受动词“like”动作的宾语
Phrase短语
A phrase is the other component of a gerund phrase. Keep in mind that a phrase is a multi-word that is composed of a subject (noun) or a verb, but not both. A gerund phrase is characterized by the use of prepositions such as in, at, for, among others. 短语是动名词短语的另一个组成部分。请记住，短语是一个由主语（名词）或动词组成的多个单词，但不是同时由两个词组成。动名词短语的特点是使用介词，如in、at、for等。
Here is an example: 下面是一个例子：
Schoolchildren like staring at visitors.小学生喜欢盯着访客看。Here “staring” is the gerund, and “at visitors” is the phrase. 这里的动名词是“凝视”，短语是“at visitors”。
Forms of Gerund Phrases动名词短语的形式
A gerund phrase acts as a noun; therefore, the kinds of gerund phrases suit the ways such a noun can be applied in a sentence. In this case, it may be used as a compliment, subject, or object. 动名词短语充当名词;因此，动名词短语的种类适合这样的名词在句子中的应用方式。在这种情况下，它可以用作赞美、主语或宾语。
As a Subject作为主题
Examples:示例：
Watching movies past midnight is not recommended.不建议在午夜后看电影。Here “watching movies past midnight,” which is a gerund, is the subject of the sentence. 这里的“午夜看电影”是动名词，是句子的主语。
Typing documents on my computer are appealing to me.在电脑上打字对我很有吸引力。Here the subject “Typing documents on my computer” is also the gerund phrase. 这里的主题“在我的电脑上打字”也是动名词短语。
As an Object作为一个对象
Objects are words that receive the action of a verb or preposition in a sentence. 宾语是句子中接受动词或介词作用的词。
Example:示例：
John’s classmate tried doing an exam for him.约翰的同学试着帮他考试。Here “doing an exam for him” is the direct object that received the action of the verb “tried.” 这里的"为他考试"是接受动词" try "动作的直接宾语
Gerund Phrase Infographic动名词短语信息图表