日记大全

日记大全 > 句子大全

高考语法之名词性从句

句子大全 2023-08-06 06:41:01
相关推荐

名词性从句

名词性从句的连接词

必须用whether的情况:

üWhether引导主语从句(位于句首),表语从句,或同位语从句时

üWhether引导的从句作介词宾语的时

ü后面紧跟不定式时

ü后面紧跟or not时

ü位于discuss后引导宾语从句时

从句中的语序和时态:

ü语序正常(陈述语序)

ü主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句中时态不受主句限制;宾语从句时态受主句限制。

名词性从句中的虚拟语气:

当主句中主语的中心名词、谓语、表语或宾语是表示命令,要求,建议,希望,必要等含义的词时,从句的谓语要用虚拟语气,即(should)+动词原形。

It is right that one (should) speak well of the absent.

The order is that the work (should) be finished as soon as possible.

John made the suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off to the next week.

He advised that we (should) go home right now.

主语从句:

在句中起到主语作用的从句称为主语从句。

1. 连接词that,whether引导的主语从句中,That不做任何成分也没有意义,但是不能省略。由他们引导的主语从句,可以转换成由it做形式主语的句子。

例如:

That she was clever was plain to everyone.

That she was clever是主语从句,That是主语从句的连接词,在句中不作任何成分也没有意义,但是不能省略。

由that引导的主语从句可改为由it作形式主语的句子。

It was plain to everyone that she was clever.

Whether he will come or not hasn"t been decided.

Whether he will come on not是主语从句,Whether不作任何成分,但是他有是否的意义,不能省略。

由whether引导的主语从句可改为由it做形式主语的句子。

It hasn"t been decided whether he will come or not.

That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact。(主语从句)

It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(it形式主语)

2. 连接代词who,which和what,连接副词when,where,how,和why以及复合连接代词whatever whoever等,复合连接副词whenever,wherever等引导的主语从句,他们分别在从句中担任主语,宾语和状语,不能省略,但是翻译的时候不能把它译为疑问句。

例如:

Who will take charge of the task has not been decided.(主语从句)

It has not been decided who will take charge of the task.(it形式主语)

When we will start is not clear.(主语从句)

It is not clear when we will start.(it形式主语)

表语从句:

在句子中起表语作用的从句称为表语从句。

表语从句的连接词不能省略,一般不用if引导,表语从句常用whether代替。

例如:

My opinion is that the villager really didn"t understand the policeman.

That在表语从句中不作成分,没有词义,不可省略。但是在口语中可以省略。

That"s what we should do.

What在表语从句中作宾语不能省略。

The question is how the tiger got out of the cage.

how在表语从句中作状语,不能省略。

同位语从句

在句子中起同位语作用的从句称为同位语从句,同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。

不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语,具体名词如pen,ruler之后不能跟同位语。可以被同位语从句修饰的名词通常是表示事实等的抽象名词。

例如:

belief,doubt,explanation,hope,idea,news,opinion,possibility,thought, wish,truth,fact,question,promise,problem,reply,report,suggestion,advice,warning,word, rumour, order...

The idea that we invited him yesterday is quite good.

That在同位语从句中不作成分,没有词义,不可省略。

The question whether we will go to see the film next week hasn"t been settled.

whether在同位语从句中不作成分,但有词义,不可省略,也不能用if代替。

宾语从句

在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。

1. 动词宾语从句

I was told that I had to cut out alcohol.此处的that可以省略。

I don"t know whether/ if the banks are open.

John wanted to know who bought him the gift.

2. 介词宾语从句

l That只在except,in和,but等少数介词后,引导从句作介词的宾语。

We know nothing except that Joey is from America.

I could see nothing but that I was sorry.

l 由连接代词或连接副词引导的从句作介词的宾语。

My teacher was satisfied with what I did.

We should take with us depend on where will stay.

l 不及物动词后跟介词宾语从句,些不及物动词后边如果跟宾语从句,常省去介词。

I don"t care whether he is good or not.

l 某些形容词后跟介词宾语从句。在表示知觉,情感等形容词如sure,afraid,glad, certain等之后如果跟宾语从句,可以省去介词。

I"m sure that he will win. (省略介词)

I"m sure of his winning.(不能省略介词)

3. 形容词宾语从句

后跟宾语从句的形容词有sure, certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid, surprised, satisfied,sorry等表示情感的形容词。

宾语从句注意事项:

1. 宾语从句中的时态

宾语从句的时态受到主句的限制。

主句是现在时,从句可以用任何时态。

主句是过去时,从句只能用过去的某种时态,表示真理性的句子除外。

2. 宾语从句的否定前置

当主句动词是,think,imagine,believe,suppose,guess时,否定在主句上。

I don"t think that he is a good kid.

3. 连接词that的省略

That引导宾语从句时是可以省略的,但是当连接词and或者but所连接的两个宾语从句的that从句中。第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略,第二个不能省。

He said (that )he has worked for nearly ten years and thathe wanted to go home.

4. 当主句谓语为doubt,be not sure时,要注意连接词的不同。

I doubt whether/if ... (我怀疑......是否......)

I don’t doubt that ....(我毫不怀疑......)

I’m not sure + whether/if ... (我不确定......是否......)

I’m sure + that...(我相信......)

阅读剩余内容
网友评论
相关内容
拓展阅读
最近更新