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钰全民英语第11节(英语形容词)

句子大全 2023-08-10 02:27:01
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钰全民英语第11节,英语形容词

形容词是用来修饰名词(或代词)的一类词。

大体可以分为以下几类

1,品质(人或物的品质)beautiful,reasonable,kind (可用于比较级)

2,类属(表示属于哪一类)financial,cultural,abdominal,foreign(不可用于比较级)

3,颜色brown,有时+ish “有些,带点”的意思,blueish glass 带些蓝颜色的玻璃

4,强调:起强调作用的total,real,complete

5,ing形容词(这类形容词都和及物动词有关,使人。。的)your letter has moved me. You are a moving person. His story excite me. His story is exciting. Surprising

6,少类(数量少)不及物v 正在。。的:living,increasing,decreasing,ageing,existing

7,还有一些ing形容词不与动词有关邻近的地区neighbouring districts 狡猾的a cunning man 一个头越来越秃的a balding man 事业心强的

an enterprising woman a promising man an impending disaster an outstanding actor

8, -ed形容词,大多与及物动词有关,表被动意he"s getting bored and homesick.

而有些ed 形容词表示“带有”的意思,an advanced a spotted handkerchief a bearded man strained relations, mixed feelings复杂的情绪

也有少数不及物ed形式并不是被动,而是“完成”之意,escaped prisoner, fallen leaves, a faded flower, a retired general, swollen hand, dated maps过时的地图

多数既可作定语,又可作表语,可有些只作表语he was convinced of the truth of the report.

一些通常与状语构成复合形容词,a cautiously-worded statement, a simply-furnished room, a strongly-motivated student

二,形容词在句中大部分既可作表语也可作定语,但少数只能用作表语或定语;

只能用作表语:afraid,alone,alike,ashamed,well ,glad,sorry,aware

The boy isa bit afraid of his teacher.

只用作定语:wooden,daily,weekly,right,elder,latter,former,outer,spare

a wooden door

除了1定语,2表语,还可以做3补语

i came home tired.(主语补语)

Don"t keep the window open when you get out. (宾语补语)

2.1 用作状语

Eager to travel, they can"t sleep at night.(表示原因)

急切地想去旅行,他们晚上都睡不着了。

My friend stood there, speechless.

我的朋友站在那儿,一言不发。(表伴随动作)

He crept into the room ,careful to make no sound.

他蹑手蹑脚地走进房间,小心地不弄出声响。(表伴随动作)

3,形容词根据其构成可分为单词形容词和复合形容词

3.1,单词形容词由一个单词构成,dark

3.2,复合形容词由一个以上的词构成,它有多种构成方式

名词+形容词:soundproof waterresistant dutyfree snowwhite

名词+分词:lawabiding manmade

形容词+名词+ed openminded 思路开阔的absentminded 心不在焉的

3.3另外还有一些与数字连用的复合形容词

first rate 一等的second hand 二手的 three-year-old 三岁的 five-foot-deep五英尺深的

4,位置:英语名词前形容词的数目超过一个,于名词关系越密切的就越接近名词

4.1,一般字数比较多的形容词,如句子如短语等放在中心词后面。也就是以前说的什么“单前复后”。

This is a beautiful flower.

We don"t have anybody competent to do this job.

形容词短语一般需后置,往往相当于定语从句,只是比定语从句简练。

Our company wants a man suitable for the job.

=Our company wants a man who is suitable for the job.

4.2, 动词性质的分词一般都放在名词的后面,I have answered all the letters received. A penny saved is a penny gained. The words mentioned below…

词义主要是形容词性质的分词,一般又比较短时,就趋向于放名词前面:a broken bottle, a painted table

4.3,在修饰由some,any,every,no等构成的不定代词时必须后置。

There is nothing special in the shop.

4.4, 表语形容词也可放在名词之后

This baby is the only person alive after the earthquake.

look at the house ablaze.燃烧的房子

4.5, 以able和ible结尾的形容词可置于前有最高级形容词或only等词的名词之后。

This is the most beautiful picture imaginable.

It is the only method possible.这是唯一可能的解决办法。

4.6,与数词和量词一起构成表示时间,空间单位的形容词词组放在名词之后。

a well 5 meters deep 一口5米深的井

a vacation two weeks long 一次两周长的假期

4.7,成对的形容词可以后置

I like the sentences in this passage, simple but powful.

It is a fine day today, warm and sunny.

5,当一个名词没有同根形容词时,常可用作定语,但如果同根形容词能表达要求的意思,就不用名词作定语。有时名词和同根形容词两者都可以用,但意义上有分工。

silver box银盒子silvery hair银白的头发 stone bridge石桥 stony heart铁石心肠 gold chain金链子 golden hair金色的头发 history lesson历史课 historic significance历史意义

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