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英语语法专题5.10.3:Both(either和neither用法总结)

句子大全 2023-08-12 02:21:01
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这三个词都用在只有两个人或物的情况下,都不能与不可数名词连用;但都可用作名词性代词,也都可用作形容词性代词。Both表示“两者都”,either表示“两者中的任何一个”,neither表示“两者都不”。

(一)both的用法

Both意为“两者都”,可以单独使用,也可作定语,还可构成下面的短语:

“both+(of+)the”或“指示词或物主代词+复数名词”,这一短语中的of可以省略;但在“both+of+人称代词宾格”这一短语中of不能略去。

1)作定语(这时可以说是限定词)

You can’t ascribe the same meaning to both words.

不要认为这两个词的意思是相同的。

A man’s story is no story,hear both sides.

兼听则明,偏信则暗。

Both (her) children are at college.

(她的)两个孩子都在上大学。

The judges awarded both finalists equal points.

裁判员判定决赛双方分数相同。

2)作主语

She has two brothers;both joined the army.

她有两个兄弟,他们都参军了。

Both of my parents travel abroad each year.

我的父母每年都出国旅游。

There was a strange fatality about their both losing their jobs on the same day.

他们两人同一天失去工作,真是天意叵测。

3)作宾语

I’ll borrow both of them.

两个我都借。

Why not do both ?

为什么两件事不都做?

If you pay for both of us now,we can settle up later.

你要是先付清咱们两人的账,时候咱们俩再细算。

It’s a pity the two concerts clash;I wanted to go to both of them.

真可惜两场音乐会时间上有冲突,我本来想两场都去。

4)作同位语

He and I have a common interest:we both collect stamps.

我和他有共同的爱好:我们都集邮。

We can only reach agreement if we both put our cards on the table.

我们双方只有彼此坦诚才能达成协议。

They both wanted to use the car,so they did a deal.

他们双方都想用这辆汽车,因此达成了折中的协议。

(二)either的用法

1)作定语(这时可说是限定词)

Keep either one of the forms.

两张表格保留哪一张都行。

You can take either cake.

你可以任选一块蛋糕。

You can park on either side of the street.

在街道的哪一边停车都可以。

In either event,I’ll be there to support you.

无论这样或那样,我都会支持你。

2)作主语

Either (of these) would do.

(这两个)哪一个都行。

Either of the plans is equally good.

两个计划一样好。

Take one of the books on table-either of them will do.

从桌上这两本书中拿一本-哪一本都可以。

3)作宾语

I did not bring either with me.

两个我都没带。

I don’t want to owe anything to either of you.

我不想欠你们两人中任何一人的情。

I’ve bought two cakes-you can have either.

我买了两块蛋糕-你要哪一块都行。

A little government and a little luck are necessary in life,but only a fool trusts either of them.

生活中必定会有走运的时候,也有受限制的时候,但只有傻瓜才只信其一。

He doesn’t resemble either of his parents.

他既不像母亲也不像父亲。

(三)neither的用法

1)作定语

Neither answer is correct.

两个答案都不对。

In neither case was a decision reached.

对这两种情况都未做出决定。

Neither one of us could understand German.

我们俩没一个懂德语。

2)作主语

Neither was satisfactory.

二者都不令人满意。

Neither of these words is correct.

两个词都不对。

I tried on two dresses,but neither fits me.

我试了试两套套裙,但是哪一件都不合身。

3)作宾语

I like either.

我两个都不喜欢。

I chose neither of them.

两个我都不要。

I could answer neither of the questions.

两个问题我都答不上来。

4)作同位语

I hope that you neither of you will be so stubborn any more.

我希望你俩都别再这么倔强了。

These two books neither of them are interesting.

这两本书都不太有趣。

(四)neither和either的比较

1)这两个词都可用作名词性代词或形容词性物主代词:可以独立作句子的成分,如主语、宾语、表语、定语等

2)neither表示两者均被否定,意为“两者都不(的);两者中无一(的)”;either表示肯定,意为“(两者中)任一个”

I know neither his teachers.=I don’t know his teachers either.

他的两位老师我都不认识。

He will agree to neither plan.= He will not agree to either plan.

两个计划他都不会同意。

3)neither和either除上述不同之外,其他用法完全相同

(五)both与each比较

1)each表示“一分为几”,both表示“合二为一”

Each of us won a prize。

我们每人都得了一个奖。(即一人一奖)

Both of us won a prize。

我们俩都得了奖。(即一人一奖或二人共得一奖)

2)both相当于名词时含复数概念

In this dictionary both spellings are shown when both are possible.

在两种拼法皆可时,本词典将之一并列出。

3)each相当于名词时含单数概念

I had some crazy dreams last night.Each was funnier than the last.

昨天夜里我做了几个怪梦,一个比一个可笑。

4)each用作复数名词或代词的同位语时,谓语须与主语一致,用复数动词

They each have beautiful gardens.

他们都有漂亮的花园。

(六)all和both在句中的位置

以上是Both、either和neither的用法总结,大家一定要经常识记这些使用法则,达到熟练应用。

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