日记大全

日记大全 > 句子大全

期中考试必考——英语八下各单元知识点(四A)

句子大全 2023-08-22 04:15:01
相关推荐

Unit4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

PartA

一. 重要词汇和句型

1. allow

allow作动词,意为“允许”。用法如下:

(1)allow sth.意为“允许某事的发生”。例如:

I can’t allow such a thing.

我不允许发生这样的事。

(2)allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”。例如:

We don’t allow smoking here.

我们不允许在此抽烟。

(3)allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。例如:

Her father would not allow her to eat sweets.

她父亲不允许她吃糖果。

(4)allow-物(尤指钱或时间);让某人有(拥用或带有)某物”。例如:

We’ll allow you time to answer.

我们将给你回答的时间。

2. get on with

get on意为“相处,进展”,也可用get along,其后接介词with。get on with sb. 意为“与某人和睦相处/关系良好”;get on well/badly with sth. 意为“某事进展顺利/不好”。例如:

He gets on (well) with his classmates.

他和同学们相处融洽。

【拓展】

get on 还有“上车”的意思,后面常接bus; train等表示交通工具的词;反义词为get off。例如:

The old man got on/ off the bus slowly.

那位老人慢慢地上/下了公共汽车。

3. argue

argue作动词,意为“争论,争吵”。常用短语为:

argue with sb. 与某人争吵

argue about/on sth. 争辩某事

argue for/against sth. 为赞成/反对某事而辩论

argue对应的名词为argument,常用词组为:have an argument with sb. about/on sth. 因某事与某人争论。例如:

I had an argument with my best friend last week.

上星期我与我最好的朋友吵了一架。

【拓展】

argue与discuss的辨析:

(1)argue着重于自己的看法、立场,提出论据,以理说服他人。例如:

There is no need arguing about the matter.

不必就此事辩论了。

(2)discuss重在交换意见,进行讨论,不含有说服对方的成分。例如:

We’re going to discuss the question.

我们打算讨论这个问题。

4. instead

(1) 位于句首, 表示 “ 反而, 相反”,用逗号隔开,常用作状语。

The boy didn’t sing to the music . Instead , he sang his own way .

( 2 ) 位于句尾, 表示 “ 作为代替, 而是”

I don’t like this one , please give me that instead .

instead of 表示 “ 代替, 而不是”后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名 词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。例如:

He went to the cinema instead of going to school.

他去了电影院而不是学校。

5. offer

(1)offer 作动词,意为“给予;提供;提出”。例如:

Offer some coffee to the guests.

给客人端些咖啡来。

(2)offer to do sth. 表示“愿意做某事;主动提出做某事”。例如:

She offered to drive me to the station.

她表示愿意开车送我去车站。

6. explain

explain是动词,意为“解释,说明,阐明”。其用法如下:

(1)explain sth. to sb.意为“向某人解释某事”。例如:

Please explain that rule to me.

请把这条规则给我讲一讲。

(2)“explain (to sb.) + 疑问词 + 从句”意为“向某人解释……”。例如:

Please explain to me what this means.

请向我解释这是什么意思。

(3)“explain + that从句” 意为“解释……”。例如:

He explained that we could no longer stay.

他解释说我们不能再待下去了。

【注意】

explain后面不能接双宾语,在接间接宾语sb.时,前面应加介词to,即explain sth. to sb.

7. compare

(1)compare作动词,意为“比较,对照”,常与with连用。例如:

My handwriting can not be compared with my father’s.

我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。

If you compare the two books, you will see that this one is better.

如果你比较一下这两本书,你会发现这一本好一些。

(2)compare作动词,还用作比喻意义,意为“比作”。例如:

Man’s life is often compared to a candle.

人生常被比为蜡烛。

8. push

push作动词,意为“推动;挤;鞭策;督促”。例如:

The little boy pushed the door open.

小男孩把门推开了。

You’d better not push me for an answer to your request.

你最好不要催促我答复你的请求。

9. get

( 1 ) 买 get sth. for sb. == get sb. sth. 为某人买某物

Can you get some fruit for me when you go shopping ?

= Can you get me some fruit when you go shopping ?

( 2 ) 得到, 到达

When did you get the letter ? He got home late last night .

(3) 使, 让 get + 宾语 + 宾补 使某人\ 某物 怎么样

Get your mouth closed .

get sb. to do sth. 使某人\ 某物做某事

I got him to call Jim yesterday .

(4) ( 逐渐) 变得…

The weather gets warmer and days get longer .

10. how about \ what about 后跟名词\ 代词\ 动词ing形式。

( 1) 向对方提出建议或请求

How about going out for a walk ?How about something to eat ?

(2) 向对方征求意见或看法

How about the TV play ? How about buying the house now ?

( 3 ) 询问天气或身体情况

How about the weather in Hainan Island ?

How about your parents ?

( 4 ) 谈话中承接上下文

I’m from Beijing . How about you ?

11. receive 收到

The girl was happy to receive many gifts on her birthday .

receive a letter from == get a letter from == heard from收到某人 的信

12.accept 接受

I received an invitation to the party , but I refused to accept it .

13. a 6--year – old child 一个六岁的孩子

6--year – old 是由 “数词 +名词 + 形容词 ” 构成的复合形容词, 作前置定语,

修饰后面的名词child .

数词+名词+形容词 构成的复合形容词,中间的名词要用单数形式:

a five-year-old girl 一个五岁的女孩

a six-foot-deep hole 一个六英尺深的洞

a two-meter-long ruler 一把两米长的尺子

a 100-meter race一场百米赛跑

a ten-story-high building 一栋十层高的楼房

a two-inch-thick dictionary一本两英寸厚的词典

14. too … to… 太…… 而不能 ……

too 后跟形容词或副词原形, to 后跟动词原形,构成不定式. 句子的主语与

动词不定的主语不一时, 可以在动词不定式前加逻辑主语for sb.

The maths problem is too difficult for me to work out .

表示否定意义的never \ not 和too … to… 连用时表达肯定一样.

One is never too old to learn .

too … to… 可以与 enough to 和 so… that … 转换.

与enough to转换 时, enough 前的形容词, 副词必须是too 后面形容词,

副词的反义词, 并使用其否定句式.

She is too young to do the work .

= she isn’t old enough to do the work .

与 so… that … 转换时, that 后面的从句要用否定形式.

Tom is too tired to walk any farther .

= Tom is so tired that he can’t walk any farther .

15. cost

(1) 动词 , 花费 \ 价值 (多少钱 )

How much did it cost ?

The meal cost us about 100 yuan .

(2 ) 名词 , 成本, 费用, 价钱.

at all costs不惜任何代价; at the cost of 以 …… 为代价.

We must stop it at all costs .

After the earthquake , the soldiers tried to reach the area at the

cost of their lives .

16. pay , spend , cost , take 的区别

pay 花费 ( 多少钱 ) , 主语是人.

Sb. pay some money for sth.

I paid 5000 yuan for the computer last week .

Spend 花费 ( 多少钱或时间 ),主语是人.

Sb. spend some money on sth.

Sb. spend some time ( in ) doing sth.

She spent 2 hours ( in ) doing her homework .

cost 花费 ( 多少钱 ) , 主语是物.

Sth. cost sb. some money .

This jacket cost him 200 dollars .

take 花费 (时间 ),

It takes sb. some time to do sth .

花费某人多少时间做某事

It takes me 10 minutes to walk to school from home .

本单元近义词单词辨析比较多,这些词汇又是我们中考考试常考点,所以我把本单元知识点分为A&B两个部分,同学们要学会辨析,轻易得分!

阅读剩余内容
网友评论
相关内容
拓展阅读
最近更新