科技英语长难句翻译讲解1
原文：Processes. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines a process to be a natural, progressive continuing operation or development marked by a series of gradual changes that succeed one another in a relatively fixed way and lead toward a particular result or end; an artificial or voluntary, progressively continuing operation that consists of a series of controlled actions or movements systematically directed toward a particular result or end. In this book we shall call any operation to be controlled a process. Examples are chemical, economic, and biological process.
相关语法知识：
定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句。
定语的特点：只修饰名词或代词，修饰离它最近的那个名词或代词。
前置定语：
I need a blue pen. (形容词作pen的定语)。
A developing country. (现在分词作country的定语)。
The ground is covered with fallen leaves. ( 过去分词作leaves的定语)
后置定语：
I have something important to tell you. （形容词作something的定语）
The book on the desk is mine. （介词短语作book的定语）
The boy to write this letter need a pen. （不定式作boy的定语）
The man visiting your school is our headmaster. （现在分词作man的定语）
The problem solved yesterday was very important. （过去分词作problem的定语）
He lost his new pen that was bought last week. （从句作pen的定语）
翻译技巧：
1. 找出句子主干：
Dictionary defines a process to be a natural operation or development, or an artificial operation. （…字典将“process过程”一词定义为一种自然的发展或一种人为的运作）
2. 划分句子成分，按成分排列并翻译。
韦伯字典将“process(过程)”一词定义为：一种自然的、渐进的、持续的并且以相对固定的方式接连发生并导致特定结果或结局的一系列逐步变化为特征的活动或发展；或者是一种人为的、有意的、持续的并且由一系列系统指向特定结果或目的的受控行动或活动组成的运作。在这本书中，我们将任何受控运作称为过程。例如化学过程、经济过程和生物过程。