英语虚拟语气句型用法大总结 简明扼要又全面（快收藏好）
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如果从语气的角度进行分类，英语的所有句子可分为三种，分别是陈述语气、祈使语气以及虚拟语气。
不论什么时候，我们说话都是带着个人情感的，有时候我们只是客观地陈述事实，从语法角度研究，就是陈述语气：
The Earth travels around the Sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
He has been working in the company for twenty years.
他在公司干了二十年了。
Most Chinese parents push their children too hard.
大多数中国父母把孩子逼的太狠了。
有时候，我们向对方发出请求、警告，建议或命令，可以用祈使语气：
Please turn off the TV.
请把电视关了。
Don"t smoke in the office.
不要在办公室抽烟。
Stop complaining, will you?
别怨天尤人的，好吗？
Would you be so kind as to lend me a hand?
请帮个忙好吗？
那么，我们什么时候会用虚拟语气？
首先，请牢记，虚拟语气是通过谓语动词的变化表达的：
If I were you, I would not believe his story.
如果我是你，我不会相信他的故事。
一、表示说话人的主观愿望：
1，wish表示愿望，有三种情况：
1）表达对未来的期望，不管可不可能，宾语从句的谓语用would/could+动词原形：
I wish you could join us tomorrow.
我希望你明天能加入我们。
I just wish I could go home.
我只希望我能回家。
I wish there would be no famine any more in the world.
我希望世界上不再有饥荒。
2）表达与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时:
She wishes she had a little brother.
她希望她有一个弟弟。
I wish we were living in the countryside.
我希望我们住在乡下。
They wished it were/was summer.
他们希望是夏天。
注意：传统上，虚拟语气里，主语是单数时，系动词be要变were，现代英语里也可以用was。
3）表达与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could + have + done:
I wish you hadn"t done that.
我希望你没有那样做。
（事实是，那样做了）
How she wished she had not turned him down.
她多么希望自己没有拒绝他。（事实是，她拒绝了）
I wish I had not left school when I was sixteen.
我希望我16岁的时候没有辍学。（事实是，我辍学了）
I wish I could have come to last night"s party.
我真希望我能来参加昨晚的聚会。（事实是，没能参加）
2，It"s (high) time that...,从句谓语用过去时
It"s time you went to bed. It"s Monday tomorrow.
你该睡觉了。明天是星期一。
It"s about time we started to save for college tuition.
我们该开始攒钱上大学了。
It"s high time that all of us fought against drug abuse.
现在是我们所有人与吸毒做斗争的时候了。
3，would rather宁愿，从句谓语用过去时
I’d rather you stayed with your father tonight.
我宁愿你今晚陪陪你父亲。
He"d rather that you called the police.
他宁愿你报警。
4，一些祝愿，愿望等：
If only I were eighteen.
我要是十八岁就好了。
May you always be happy!
愿你永远幸福！
May God be with you all！
愿上帝与你们同在！
Heaven forbid！
但愿不会这样！
二、表示说话人的命令，要求或建议
1，以下表示命令，要求或建议的动词或名词后从句谓语用should + do（如果谓语是动词原形，那是说话人省略了should）：
demand要求, insist坚持, order命令, require要求, suggest建议，suggestion建议等
The manager demanded that she leave for Beijing right away.
经理要求她马上动身去北京。（省略了should）
She insisted that she go to college alone.
她坚持要一个人去上大学。
An order was given that we cross the river before dawn.
下达了要求我们黎明前过河的命令。
（that从句是名词order的同位语从句）
The teacher ordered that we all go out of the classroom.
老师下令我们全体离开教室。
Schools require that each student be on time daily.
学校要求每个学生每天准时上课。
Father suggested that we go to the countryside this weekend.
父亲建议我们这个周末去乡下。
My suggestion is that a meeting should be held to discuss it.
我建议开个会来讨论这个问题。
请注意：insist表示“坚持认为”，suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，应该是陈述句形式。
2，It is best最好/crucial至关重要的/desirable值得做的/essential完全必要的/important重要的/ urgent迫切的/vital极重要的/necessary必要的，that从句谓语也是（should）do
It"s desire that a woman (should) be equally paid for her equal work with men.
女人与男人同工同酬是我们的愿望。
It"s important that he (should) recognize his strengths and weaknesses.
他必须认识到自己的长处和短处。
It"s crucial that the habitats of giant pandas (should) be well protected.
保护好大熊猫的栖息地是至关重要的。
三、表示说话人的猜测、或与事实相反的的假设：
1，情态动词表示猜测或与事实相反
表示猜测或与事实相反是情态动词除表示情感态度之外另一主要用法：
He must have passed his exam. He looks happy.
他一定通过了考试。他看起来很高兴。
（对过去事实的猜测）
They must be at home. the lights are on.
他们一定在家。灯都亮了。
（对现在的猜测）
They must have goneout. the lights are off.
他们一定出去了。灯都没亮。
（对过去事实的猜测）
You should have told me about your trouble.
你本该告诉我你的麻烦。
（与事实相反）
2，As if/though 似乎，好像
As if/though…后可能是陈述句，如果表达的是与事实相反的情况，要用虚拟语气。
It looks as if you"ve met before?
你们好像见过面？
（陈述语气）
It looks as if it"s going to rain.
好像要下雨了。
（陈述语气）
It seemed as if the lecture would never end.
这堂课似乎永远不会结束。
（与事实相反）
They felt as if they hadn"t had anything for a week.
他们觉得好像一个星期没吃东西了。
（与事实相反）
3，虚拟条件句
条件状语从句也可能是陈述句，当表达的是对未来的假设，或与过去，现在的事实相反的情况，要用虚拟语气。
1）对未来的假设（未来发生可能性不大）：
从句的谓语用过去式；也可用should + do，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+do”：
If a war broke out, millions of lives could die because of the nuclear weapons.
如果战争爆发，数百万人可能因核武器而死亡。
（可能性小）
If I were to be a rich man, I would make more charitable donations.
如果我成为有钱人，我会为慈善捐更多款。
If I should become the president, I would build more universities.
如果我成为总统，我会建更多的大学。
（可能性小）
2）与现在的事实相反:
从句的谓语用过去式，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+do”：
If he were here right now, he could tell us what to do next.
如果他在这里，他可以告诉我们下一步怎么做。
If there were an elevator in the building, life for the olds could be more convenient.
如果楼里有电梯，老年人的生活会更方便。
If I were you, I would marry her immediately.
如果我是你，我会立刻娶她。
If I knew where she lives, I might visit her this afternoon.
如果我知道她住在哪里，我今天下午可能会去看她。
3）与过去事实相反:
从句谓语用“had+过去分词”，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+done”：
If you had taken a taxi, you wouldn"t have missed the train.
如果你坐出租车的话，你就不会错过火车了。
If you had worked harder, you couldn"t have failed any of your finals.
如果你努力学习，你的期末考试就不会有挂科。
If he hadn"t driven after he was drunken, he couldn"t have killed two people.
如果他没有醉酒开车，就不可能撞死两个人。
I should have already finished my term paper if I hadn"t caught a cold.
如果没有感冒的话，我应该已经完成我的学期论文。
注意：
1）从句中有should, were, had done时，为了简练，可以用倒装句，就是省略if，把should, were, had提前到主语前面：
Should it snow, the road in the mountains could be blocked.
如果下雪，山上的路可能会被堵住。
Were it to snow, we would not set off to the mountains.
如果下雪，我们就不去山上了。
Had he listened to his doctor, he would not have suffered such a pain.
如果他听了医生的话，他就不会受这种痛苦了。
2）虚拟条件句中，有时候主从句的时间可能不一致，在使用时我们要注意谓语变化的不同：
If I had studied physics at university, I could be a famous physicist now.
如果我在大学里学过物理，我现在可能是一个著名的物理学家了。
（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反）
If I had taken the money, I would feel guilty for the rest of my life.
如果我拿走了钱，我会愧疚终生。
（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反）
If he were not in hospital, he would have gone to Beijing.
如果没有生病住院，他早就去北京了。
（从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反）
3, Without+名词，相当于条件从句，句子有时要用虚拟语气：
Without water, there would be no life on Earth.
没有水，地球上就没有生命。
Without your help, I could have died in the desert.
要是没有你的帮助，我可能会死在沙漠里。
四、目的状语从句中的虚拟语气
for fear that, in case, lest目的状语从句中可以用虚拟语气；lest用的最多。可用可不用的我们可以就用陈述句。
如果大家要用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为： (should) + 动词原形。
You let the phone ring twice before answering, lest you appear overly eager.
让电话先响两下再接，以免显得过于急切。
（陈述句）
At the time, granny followed me everywhere lest I get hurt!
当时，奶奶到哪儿都跟着我，免得我受伤！
（虚拟语气）
虚拟语气这些年在英语表达中使用的频率已经开始下降。原因可能有两个：其一，像汉语等语言一样，不用虚拟结构，交流双方也能很好地理解对方是陈述事实还是假设；其二，它的使用规太复杂。事实上，作为一种语言工具，虚拟语气是相当低效的，而语言的发展的趋势，效率总是胜过教条。
尽管如此，虚拟语气中动词的变化对本族人还说还说很有魅力的，所以我们还是应该学会使用它。
图片来自网络，版权为原作者所有！