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这个世界已极尽复杂 但我们仍愿探寻规律(谈英语主谓一致的12例)

句子大全 2023-10-01 05:49:01
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英语主谓一致的12种特殊情况

这个世界已极尽复杂,但我们仍愿探寻规律,谈英语主谓一致的12例。

一般来讲,英语的谓语形式是随主语的人称、单复数及动作的时态、语态而变的。

然而非一般的情况,我总结出了12种情况,与大家分享:

1.表示数字、时间、金额、重量、千米的名词复数作主语时,谓语仍用单数。

Three meters is a short distance.三米是个短距离。2.用“every,each,no,many,more than one,a great deal of+单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数,而用“a great many,a great number of等+复数名词时”谓语动词用复数。

Every man and woman attends the meetings.男人和女人都参加会议。There are a great many animals in nature.自然界有许多动物。Every change of season,every change of weather makes some change in the wonderful colors and shapes of these mountains.每一次季节的变化,每一次天气的变化,都会使这些山的色彩和形状发生一些变化。注意:

many a与many的区别:“many a+单数名词”形式上为单数,但意义上为复数(意为“许多”);many+复数名词,形式上为复数,但意义上也为复数。e.g.Many a student likes reading.许多学生喜欢读书。Each A and B:形式上为单数。e.g. Each teacher and student signs his name on the grade sheet. 每个老师和学生都在成绩表上签名。3.and连接两个主语,但指的同一个人、物或同一概念时,谓语仍用单数形式

A statesman and poet was present at the meeting.一位政治家兼诗人出席了会议。Bread and butter is a healthy food.涂黄油的面包是一种有营养的食品。4.有些名词只有复数形式,可根据谓语单复数、上下文来判别主语所表示事物的实际单复数。

All possible means have been tried.所有可能的办法都试过了。This means to an end is good.这种达到目的的方法是很好的。注意:

有些名词只有复数形式,谓语也只能相应的使用复数形式:clothes(衣服),cattle(牲口),savings(存款),thanks(感谢),police(警察),valuables(贵重财物),vermin(寄生虫)等。以-s结尾的学科或病名,谓语只能用单数形式:physics(物理),mathematics(数学),politics(政治),statistics(统计学),mechanics(力学),electronics(电子学),measles(麻疹),shingles(带状疱疹)等

5.由两个对称部分组成的词,如:scissors(剪刀),jeans(牛仔裤),shorts(短裤),glasses(眼镜),compasses(圆规),scales(天平)等复数名词,其谓语动词用复数形式。

My glasses were bought here last week.我的眼镜是上周在这里买的。There isa pair of glasses beside the bottle of ink on the table.桌子上的墨水瓶旁边有一副眼镜。There are 2 glasses on the table.桌子上有两只杯子。There is a piece of glass on the table.桌上有一块玻璃。注意:

shoe(鞋),sock(短袜),stocking(长袜)具有单复数形式,其单数时谓语用单数,其复数时,名词前需加上“a pair of”,谓语动词用单数形式。

6.不可数名词前面有表示种类等复数含义的词或“a large number of ”修饰时,其谓语用复数形式。

There are many kinds of water in nature.自然界中有很多种水。A great many /A large number of compounds do exist in nature.自然界中确实存在着大量的化合物。7.集体名词作整体看待时,谓语用单数;若就其中各个成员来考虑,谓语用复数形式。

常见的有以下集体名词:

family,class,team,government,crowd,committee,jury,party,firm,couple,board,group,gang,enemy,union,audience,public,mankind,,humanity,youth

My family is a large one.我家是个大家庭。My family are all workers.我的家人都是工人。8.在There be引导的句子中, 谓语动词be的人称和数应该和它后面的主语(名词)保持一致, 当有两个或两个以上的名词作并列主语时, be的形式则和第一个名词保持一致(就近原则)。

There is no endless winter in the world.世界上没有无尽的寒冬。There are two thousand students in our school.我们学校有2000名学生。There is a pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一枝钢笔。9.两个作主语的名词或代词由“either...or,neither...nor,not only...but also...”等连接时,谓语动词应该按照后一个主语的人称和数而变。

Either he or I am to get online.不是他就是我要上网。Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about this matter.学生和老师都不知道这件事。

10.主语是单数,而后面跟有as well as, with, together with, along with, besides, in addition to, but, like, unlike, including, except, rather than等词或短语连用时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。

Air as well as water is matter.空气和水都是物质。A professor,together with some students,was moved into a new laboratory.一位教授和一些学生一起搬进了一个新的实验室。Nobody but the students is in the classroom.只有学生在教室里。None but the teachers are having a meeting in the room.只有老师们正在会议室开会。11.none作主语时,谓语可用单数或复数。若与可数名词有关,谓语多用复数形式,若与不可数名词连用,则谓语用单数形式。

There are faults from which none of us are free.我们每个人都有自己的缺点。12.以“the majority of和the number of”修饰的情况:

the majority of后可用单数名词,也可用复数名词,谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致。

The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio.多数人喜欢电视胜过广播。Racism is abhorrent to the majority of people.种族主义是大多数人都憎恨的。the number of 表示“.....的数目”,中心词是 number,所以是单数,谓语动词用单数。

The number of business failures has risen企业倒闭的数量增加了。

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