英语语法笔记第10期——并列连词和连接性副词
这一期我们讲并列连词和连接性副词。
1、 基本连词。
基本的并列连词一共有3个:and、or和but.此种并列连词可以连接对等的单词、短语和句子。
单词:Heand I enjoy singing.
Is he happyor sad?
短语:I came to see him and to tell him the truth.
Does he work in Taipei or in Shanghai.
句子:He works hard,and his father is proud of him.
He doesn’t study hard, but his teacher likes him.
2、 基本连词衍生的其他连词。
使用这些衍生词要注意一下事项:
①连接主语时,both… and …之后始终接复数动词,其余衍生连词连接主语时,动词要随最近的主语做单复数变化。
例1:Both he and I arehappy about it.
例2:Either he or I am wrong.
例3:Neither you nor heis to blame.
② both… and…/neither…nor…/not…but…等三组连词通常不连接句子,而not only…but also…可以用来连接句子,但not only引导的句子要采用倒装结构。
例:Not only can she sing, but she can also dance.(注意是第一分句倒,后面第二分句不倒)
③ not only…but also…中的also通常可以省略。若不省略,连接单词或短语时 but also不能分开,连接句子时要分开。
例:
连接单词:She is not only beautiful but(also)kind.
连接句子:Not only can she dance, but she can (also) sing.
3、 as well as(以及…)与rather than (而不是…)做并列连词。可连接对等的单词、短语和句子。
例:Weas well as John like it
He came here to learn Englishas well as to know more about life
注意:
4、 副词连词
在主从复合句中,由because、if等引导的从句充当状语,类似副词的功能,所以把这类连词称为副词连词。
常用的副词连词有:because、though、if、unless、as soon as和once。具有以下特点:
①副词连词冠于任何一个从句前,该从句就成为状语从句。整个状语从句可视为副词,用来修饰主句,不能单独存在。
例:I like him. Because he is nice. (错)
I like him because he is nice. (对)
② 副词连词只能连接从句。
例:When he came,I was writing a letter.
③状语从句的位置。任何一个副词连词所引导的从句若置于主句之后,两句之间通常没有逗号,但若状语从句置于主句之前,两句之间通常要加逗号。
注意:
When(当)、if(如果)、once(一旦)、as soon as(一旦)和unless等副词连接所引导的从句,也可表示一种条件,形成所谓的条件句。若用来表示将来的状况时,条件句的时态要用一般现在时或现在完成时,主句时态用将来时。
例:When I amrich, I will buy a car.
If he hastime, he will come here.
5、 连接性副词。
此类副词有连接的意味,但不能作为连词来用,此类副词称为连接性副词。这类词有however、nevertheless、therefore、thus、moreover、furthermore和besides等。此类副词在使用时,通常要和主从句隔开。
例:He is nice;however, I don’t like him He is kind. Therefore, we all like him
这期就到这里啦!我们下期再见!