2020届深圳市高三年级二模英语试题（答案详解）

2020届深圳市高三年级二模英语试题，答案详解

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

New York’s best classes for kids include sports classes, performing arts classes, art classes, language programs and baby classes. Make sure your kids are ready for new adventures with these super-cool offerings!

92nd Street Y Classes

At this institution your musician can learn how to play an instrument. After-school classes examine different musical pieces and encourage work in a group setting.

At the end of the program, mini Mozarts can impress their family and friends at open-house performances. Plus, when they"re not jamming, kids can take advantage of homework help in the Clubhouse, where they are divided up by grade level. Ages 5-15.

The Cliffs at LIC

After a day of fighting the academic obstacle course at school, your favorite achievers can reach new heights on a rock-climbing wall. The Cliffs, offerings allow developing bodies to build muscle strength.

For example, introductory sessions teach climbers how to tie safety knots (结) as well as other basics, mastering them with hands-on games and activities. The Cliffs at LIC, Long Island City. Ages 6-18.

Staten Island Skating Pavilion

This large area maintains its year-round frosty temperatures for ice-skating fun. Courses are offered every day for a variety of interests and skill levels, and public and freestyle sessions are available for children who want to spend some afternoons there without instruction. Ages 4 and up.

West Side YMCA

If your child wants to learn how to swim, you"d be pressed to find more options than those offered at the Y. Kids are grouped by age and capability. The courses cover personal safety and stroke techniques.

If your offspring prefer dry land, the Y also offers dance, basketball and football. Visit website for class descriptions and detailed price information. Ages 5-18.

1. Who is the passage intended for?

A. Elementary school teachers.

B. Children around school age.

C. Families looking for attraction.

D. Parents with under-age children.

2. Which event will you attend for occasional academic help?

A. The Cliffs at LIC.

B. West Side YMCA.

C. 92nd Street Y Classes.

D. Staten Island Skating Pavilion.

3. What does Staten Island Skating Pavilion provide?

A. A mini open-house performance at the end of the program.

B. Cold temperatures all the year round for ice-skating.

C. Teaching of skating in divided groups according to their age.

D. Introductory lessons on how to overcome the learning obstacles.

【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B

【解析】

【分析】

本文是一则广告应用文。介绍几项面向青少年的培训班，包括乐器培训班，攀岩课、滑冰课、游泳课。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中Make sure your kids are ready for new adventures with these super-cool offerings!可知，确保你家孩子准备参与这些超级棒活动安排！由此可推知，本文是写给家里有小孩的父母的。故选D。

2题详解】

细节理解题。根据92nd Street Y Classes部分中Plus, when they"re not jamming, kids can take advantage of homework help in the Clubhouse, where they are divided up by grade level.可知，当学员不多的时候，孩子们在俱乐部可以得到家庭作业方面的帮助，在那里他们按年级划分。由此可知，你可以参加92nd Street Y Classes，以获得偶尔的学术帮助。故选C。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据Staten Island Skating Pavilion部分中This large area maintains its year-round frosty temperatures for ice-skating fun.可知，这一大片地区保持了全年的霜冻温度，为滑冰提供乐趣。由此可知，Staten Island Skating Pavilion为滑冰提供了全年的低温。故选B。

【点睛】隐含意义推理判断题。这类题的题干中常含有：infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/be likely to等标志性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时，要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作出合理的猜测和推断。如第一小题，根据第一段中Make sure your kids are ready for new adventures with these super-cool offerings!可知确保你家孩子准备参与这些超级棒的活动安排！由此可推知，本文是写给家里有小孩的父母的。故选D。

B

That morning，I dropped our eldest at kindergarten and returned home to let our two younger children play while I worked on my medical report. It was wonderful, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn"t making a difference in anyone"s life.

I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster（领养）mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately.

On Monday morning, I picked up the phone and dialed the number I had googled for the nearest Department of Children’ Services. The man on the other end was receptive to my questions and explained the next step of training,

involving eight weeks of classes designed to prepare and educate foster parents. We continued through all the classes, the home visits , background checks, and seemingly endless steps.

Five long months after we were approved , the phone Tang. In the middle of the night , I woke my husband and rushed to East Tennessee Children"s Hospital- Our placementwas waiting for us in the emergency room, sick and lack of nutrition.

It didn"t take long for us to realize the full depth of her suffering. Six months later, her half-brother came to us by our request. We now had five children under our care.

On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children"s lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized.

These two amazing children weren"t going home, because they were already home. We are their forever family5 and they are our forever children. We may not be able to change the entire world, but we have changed the world entirely for our new children.

4. How did the author feel about her hospital work?

A Unusually demanding.

B. Lacking in motivation.

C. Filled with challenges

D. Packed with chances.

5. What led the author to decide to adopt children?

A. She wanted to make a difference in other people.

B. She felt sympathetic for abused children she knew.

C. She felt confident about her ability to raise children.

D. She experienced training to raise children properly.

6. What does the underlined word "placement" in Para.3 refer to?

A. The child to be adopted.

B. The need to get trained.

C. The approval of adoption.

D. The official at the hospital

7. Why did the author appear at the courtroom?

A. To put the adopted kids elsewhere.

B. To receive another adopted child.

C. To begin the kids5 adoption in her home .

D. To make the adoption officially legal,

【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D

【解析】

这是是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在医院有一份满意的工作，但是作者想要通过自己的努力来改善他人的人生，于是走上了收养孩子的道路。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“It was wonderful, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn"t making a difference in anyone"s life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster（领养）mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately.”

可知，作者能在家工作很好，但是作者意识到自己在医院的工作不能让别人的生活发生改变，需要做一些事来拓展自己，促使自己成长，由此推断作者觉得自己在医院的工作缺少动力，故选B。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“It was wonderful, but it hit me that my career in hospital wasn"t making a difference in anyone"s life. I needed something that would stretch my limits and push me to grow. My career enabled me to work from home. I could work from home, and become a foster（领养）mother, providing safety for a child who needed it desperately”

可知，作者意识到在医院的工作并没有改变任何人的生活。她需要一些能拓展她的极限，推动她成长的东西。故作者觉得自己的职业没有让他人的人生更有意义，于是希望挑战自己的能力，为需要安全的孩子提供安全的成长环境，故作者收养孩子的原因是她想给别人的生活造成影响。结合选项，故选A。

【6题详解】

词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中“Our placementwas waiting for us in the emergency room,sick and lack of nutrition. It didn"t take long for us to realize the full depth of her suffering. Six months later, her half-brother came to us by our request. We now had five children under our care.”可知，语境说这个placement在医院的急诊室等待作者，一脸的病态，并且营养不良。没过多久我们就意识到她的痛苦有多深。六个月后，她同父异母的弟弟应我们的要求来找我们。我们现在照顾五个孩子。故这里的placement指作者准备领养的孩子，故选A。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“On August 12, 2016, our family of seven walked into a small courtroom. The children"s lawyer and social worker were there. With just a few words, our adoption was finalized.”可知，2016年8月12日，我们一家七口走进一个小法庭。孩子们的律师和社会工作者都在那里。只说了几句话，我们的收养就完成了。由此推断，为什么作者出现在法庭上是为了使收养正式合法化。应选D。

C

The kakapo, a bird that lives in New Zealand, is not designed for survival. Weighing up to 4 kilograms, it is the world"s fattest parrot. It mates (交配) only when the rimu tree is in fruit, which happens every few years.

It developed gradually in the absence of land-based natural enemies, so instead of flying above the trees it walks like a duck across the dry forest floor. When it moves unsteadily across something that might kill it, it will stand still.

Such unusual characteristics turned it into fast food for human settlers, and for the cats and rats they brought with them. It seemed to have disappeared by the 1970s, until scientists came across two undiscovered populations in the country"s south. These survivors were eventually moved to small enemy-free islands, where researchers have spent decades trying to get them to breed (繁殖).

The scientists" patience is finally rewarded. The rimu was in fruit this year, and more than 80 chicks hatched, making this the best breeding season on record. Many have survived into adolescence, increasing the number of adult kakapos by a third, to 200 birds.

Another danger to the kakapo is a lack of genetic diversity. This is one reason why fewer than half of kakapo eggs hatch. By arranging the genome (基因组) of every living bird, scientists can identify closely-related individuals and put them on different islands.

Every bird is fitted with something to track its slightest movement. If a female mates with an "unsuitable” male, the process can be stopped.

All these efforts cost almost New Zealand $1.3 million this breeding season. Yet the kakapo"s future still looks unsafe. Earlier this year a severe disease tore through the population. And tiny as the number of kakapos is, space is running out on the two islands where most of them live. New enemy-free settlement must soon be found.

8. Which of the following is a danger for the survival of the kakapo?

A. It is the smallest bird in the world.

B. It lacks exercise and usually stands still.

C. It adapts slowly in genetic development.

D. It can"t respond actively when facing danger.

9. In what way may the scientists" patience be rewarded?

A. They hatched 80 kakapos" eggs this year.

B. They tried to make the rimu tree in fruit this year.

C. Two survivors were moved to enemy-free islands.

D. 50 chicks hatched have survived into adults this year.

10. Why did the scientists put kakapo in different islands?

A. To stop closely-related kakapos mating.

B. To increase the population of kakapo.

C. To stop females mating with males.

D. To hatch more kakapos" eggs.

11. According to the author, the efforts to protect the kakapo in New Zealand are _______.

A. successful

B. unsafe

C. doubtful

D. inadequate

【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. D

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们为了保护新西兰的一种濒临灭绝的鸟类鸮鹦鹉所作出的一些努力。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句When it moves unsteadily across something that might kill it, it will stand still.可知，当它摇摇晃晃地穿过可能会杀死它的东西时，它会静止不动。由此可推知，当鸮鹦鹉面对危险时，它不能做出积极的反应，这对鸮鹦鹉的生存来说是一种威胁。故选D。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中The scientists" patience is finally rewarded. The rimu was in fruit this year, and more than 80 chicks hatched, making this the best breeding season on record.可知，科学家的耐心终于得到了回报。今年的柚木结果了，80多只雏鸟破壳而出，这是有记录以来最好的繁殖季节。由此可知，科学家们的耐心得到了回报，今年有80多只雏鸟破壳而出。故选A。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中Another danger to the kakapo is a lack of genetic diversity. This is one reason why fewer than half of kakapo eggs hatch. By arranging the genome of every living bird, scientists can identify closely-related individuals and put them on different islands.可知，鸮鹦鹉面临的另一个危险是缺乏遗传多样性。这就是为什么只有不到一半的鸮鹦鹉蛋孵化的原因之一。通过整理每只活鸟的基因组，科学家可以识别出亲缘关系很近的个体，并把它们放在不同的岛屿上。由此可知，科学家们把鸮鹦鹉放在不同的岛屿上，是为了阻止近亲鸮鹦鹉交配。故选A。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中Yet the kakapo"s future still looks unsafe. Earlier this year a severe disease tore through the population. And tiny as the number of kakapos is, space is running out on the two islands where most of them live.可知，然而，鸮鹦鹉的未来看起来仍然不安全。今年早些时候，一种严重的疾病在鸟群中肆虐。尽管鸮鹦鹉的数量很少，但它们生活的这两个岛屿上的空间已经所剩无几。由此可推知，作者认为保护新西兰鸮鹦鹉的努力是不够的。故选D。

D

“ New and improved. ” These words are put in so many marketing campaigns that we tend to accept them as linked. But many new drugs aren"t an improvement over the best existing drug for a given condition, and the fast drug-approval processes in recent years have added to the uncertainty about their advantages.

A recent report in the British Medical Journal, "New Drugs: Where Did We Go Wrong and What Can We Do Better?, analysed the issue, The authors looked at 216 drugs approved between 2011 and 2017 ； 152 were newly developed, and 64 were existing medicine approved for new uses.

Only 25% offered a major advantage over the established treatment, and fully 58% had no confirmed added benefit to reduce symptoms or improve health-related quality of life.

"This doesn’t mean there"s no added benefit," lead author Wieseler said. “It just means we have no positive proof. Either we have no studies or have studies not good enough. ” Wieseler and her co-authors work for a German institute which evaluates new treatments and advises on whether the country"s health care system should pay a premium ( 占)for them.

Such organizations , known as health technology assessment ( HTA) agencies, work a little differently in the US, says Sean Tunis，a researcher in Baltimore: “ If payers think a new drug isn"t better than an existing drug，these agencies will require .that hospitals try the cheaper drug first. ”

Germany"s HTA demands trials to prove that a new treatment beats the existing standard. This isn"t always practical For one thing, such studies can be expensive and time-consuming, with no guarantee of success.

Secondly, it can discourage companies from attempting to develop new alternatives. This is already happening. Drug developers are increasingly focused on areas where there are no good treatments to compete with, such as rare diseases.

This lack of meaningful data to guide patients is a major point of Wieseler"s paper- With accelerated approval, there are more products approved, with a greater amount of uncertainty about risks and benefits. But there are other solutions besides drug trials. One idea is to require postmarket studies to track the effectiveness of newly approved drugs—a step too often neglected.

12. What message does the recent report convey?

A. Many new drugs have no improved advantages.

B. The approval processes for new drugs are too fast.

C. Improved drugs have advantages over old ones.

D. Before 2017 no improvement was made to drugs.

13. What will US HTA agencies do when no advantage is found in new drugs?

A. Remove government premium on them.

B. Get hospitals to use the cheaper drugs.

C. Arrange financial support for the patients.

D. Put new drugs on further trials and studies.

14. What"s the disadvantage of Germany"s HTA trial demands?

A. Making drug companies think of illegal ways to cut cost.

B. Pushing companies to try alternatives for existing drugs.

C. Getting patients to depend on the government for support.

D. Holding companies back from improving existing drugs.

15. What is the best title for the text?

A. The Advantage of Existing Drugs

B. Misunderstanding of New and Old Drugs

C. A Dilemma with New Drug Alternatives

D. Peopled Preference for New or Old Drugs

【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C

【解析】

这是一篇说明文文。文章主要讲述了英国一项研究表明，与传统药物相比，市面上不断推出的新药大部分并不具有新的疗效。作者分析其中原因并指出，因为相关机构的要求，加上新药耗时费钱，因此药品公司干脆转向研究罕见病的药品，而不是对已有的药品进行改良。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“he authors looked at 216 drugs approved between 2011 and 2017 ； 152 were newly developed, and 64 were existing medicine approved for new uses. Only 25% offered a major advantage over the established treatment, and fully 58% had no confirmed added benefit to reduce symptoms or improve health-related quality of life.”

可知，英国《医学期刊》的一篇报道对2011到2017年上市的药品的研究发现，其中58%的新药与已有的药物相比，没有任何得到证实的新增加的药效。故最近的报告传达了许多新药没有改进的优势的信息。结合选项，故选A。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Such organizations , known as health technology assessment ( HTA) agencies, work a little differently in the US, says Sean Tunis，a researcher in Baltimore: “ If payers think a new drug isn"t better than an existing drug，these agencies will require .that hospitals try the cheaper drug first. ”可知，美国的卫生技术评估机构的功能与德国不同，如果付费方（病人）认为某种新药不比已有的药品更好，那么“他们（评估机构）就会要求医院先试用便宜一些的药品"，故选B。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中“Germany"s HTA demands trials to prove that a new treatment beats the existing standard. This isn"t always practical For one thing, such studies can be expensive and time-consuming, with no guarantee of success.

Secondly, it can discourage companies from attempting to develop new alternatives. This is already happening. Drug developers are increasingly focused on areas where there are no good treatments to compete with, such as rare diseases”

（德国的HTA需要试验来证明新的治疗方法优于现有标准。这并不总是可行的一件事，这样的研究可能是昂贵和耗时的，没有成功的保证。其次，它可以阻止公司尝试开发新的替代品。这已经发生了。药物开发人员越来越关注那些没有好的治疗方法可与之竞争的领域，例如罕见的疾病）可知，德国卫生技术评估机构要求有药物试验来证实改良后的新药比原先的药品更好，这需要大量的金钱和时间。由此可以推断出，德国HTA的试验的缺点是不利于公司对已有药品进行提升。结合选项，故选D。

【15题详解】

标题判断题。全文讲述药品研发的窘境：传统药物的更新未必有新的疗效，即使有新疗效，相关机构的要求使这个更新过程漫长而且费用高，于是很多药企干脆转向研究罕见病的新药，这就使已有药品的更新面临窘境。故C项A Dilemma with New Drug Alternatives“新药物的两难选择”作为标题，符合题意。故选C。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

From Mozart to pop music, tons of people enjoy listening to various types of music while they paint, write, or draw. Many believe that music helps improve creativity. But an international study is challenging that viewpoint. ___16___

To come to their conclusions, researchers had participants complete verbal (文字的) problems designed to inspire creativity while sitting in a quiet room. ___17___They found that background music significantly hurt the participants, ability to complete tasks associated with verbal creativity.

The tasks were simple word games. ___18___Then, they were asked to find a single word associated with all three that could be combined to form a common phrase or word. Participants completed the tasks in either a quiet room, or while exposed to three different types of music: music with unfamiliar lines, instrumental music, or music with familiar lines.

Dr. McLatchie and his colleagues conclude that music interferes with (干扰) the verbal working memory of the brain. ___19___Also, as far as the library background noises having seemingly no effect, the researchers believe that is the case because library noises create an environment of steady state that doesn"t interrupt concentration.

"____20____Instead, they demonstrate that music, regardless of the presence of its content, consistently interrupts creative performance in insight problem solving," the study reads.

A. And this in turn holds back creativity.

B It has nothing to do with the positive reaction.

C. Then again, they were tested while music was played in the background.

D. Psychologists say that their findings indicate music actually blocks creativity.

E. For example, participants were given three words, such as dress, dial, and flower.

F. Before the experiment, the participants didn"t study the music they would listen.

G. To conclude, the findings here challenge the popular view that music builds up creativity.

【答案】16. D 17. C

18. E 19. A

20. G

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。有的人喜欢在有背景音乐的环境下工作。然而，研究表明，音乐会干扰人们解决问题的创造性。

【16题详解】

根据上文Many believe that music helps improve creativity. But an international study is challenging that viewpoint.可知，许多人认为音乐有助于提高创造力。但一项国际研究正在挑战这种观点。由此可知，一项新的国际研究并不认为音乐有助于提高创造力，故D选项“心理学家说，他们的发现表明，音乐实际上阻碍了创造力”符合上下文语境，故选D。

【17题详解】

根据前文To come to their conclusions, researchers had participants complete verbal problems designed to inspire creativity while sitting in a quiet room.可知，为了得出结论，研究人员让参与者坐在安静的房间里完成一些旨在激发创造力的语言问题。由此可知，本句承接上文继续说明研究的过程，上文中researchers与C选项中they形成对应，故C选项“然后，他们再次在播放音乐的背景音乐中接受测试”符合上下文语境，故选C。

【18题详解】

根据后文Then, they were asked to find a single word associated with all three that could be combined to form a common phrase or word.可知，然后，他们被要求找出一个与这三个词相关的词，这些词可以组合成一个共同的短语或词。由此可知，参与者被给予了三个单词，并要求找出一个与这三个词相关的词。故E选项“例如，参与者被给予三个词，如衣服，电话和鲜花”符合上下文语境，故选E。

【19题详解】

根据第二段最后一句They found that background music significantly hurt the participants, ability to complete tasks associated with verbal creativity.可知，他们发现，背景音乐会显著损害参与者完成与语言创造力相关的任务的能力。由此可知乐会干扰大脑的语言工作记忆，而这反过来又阻碍了创造性。故A选项“这反过来又抑制了创造力”符合上下文语境，故选A。

【20题详解】

根据后文Instead, they demonstrate that music, regardless of the presence of its content, consistently interrupts creative performance in insight problem solving," the study reads.可知，相反，他们证明了音乐，不管它的内容是什么，在解决问题的过程中不断地打断创造性的表现。由此可知，研究人员的发现成功挑战了音乐可以培养创造力这种流行观点。故G选项“总而言之，这里的发现挑战了流行的观点，即音乐可以培养创造力”符合上下文语境，故选G。

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

阅读下面的短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

For years, I had suffered from depression. I never seemed to be happy with my life, especially when I ___21___it to someone else"s. I frequently felt I was not living up to either my own ___22___ or the worlds expectations.

Then, the week before Thanksgiving, every chair in the church has a paper bag underneath. All were expected to pick up one ___23___and take them to a grocery store and fill them with some basic food items to be ___24___ to local chanty. Then, at the evening, a team of volunteers placed all the ___25___ bags, of food at the front of the church.

Included in the event was a sheet with ___26___, asking us to think of 100 things we were thankful for. This was a (n）___27___to help us focus on gratitude. ___28___I heard some kids next to me ___29___ each other to see who could fill in all 100 the fastest. My ___30___ nature pushed me to fill in blanks with any ___31___ in my life that I was thankful for.

To my own ____32____,I filled in the list in four minutes. Then I joined the others ___33___ the bags according to their categories before they were donated to the ___34___.

One day not long afterward , I found myself sinking into my ___35___depression when I remembered the ___36___. I took it out and read through it and ___37___ that not only did I have a lot to be thankful for but that the things I had written on that list ___38___ my talents , hobbies, faith , and people who had greatly ___39___ me.

___40___to have an attitude of gratitude has made me more than happy and filled me with joy.

21. A. introduced B. compared

C. exposed D. applied

22. A. achievement B. nature

C. potential D. patience

23. A. randomly B. regularly

C. alternatively D. considerately

24. A. returned B. issued

C. allocated D. donated

25. A. circulated B. addressed

C. filled D. supplied

26. A. credits B. blanks

C. inspirations D. suggestions

27. A. celebration B. amusement

C. communication D. exercise

28. A. Accidentally B. Furthermore

C. Otherwise D. Necessarily

29. A. remind B. challenge

C. support D. observe

30. A. sympathetic B. creative

C. competitive D. contradictory

31. A. situation B. chance

C. promotion D. awareness

32. A. disappointment B. curiosity

C. advantage D. astonishment

33. A. distributing B. clarifying

C. sorting D. decorating

34. A. rich B. needy

C. special D. worried

35. A. guilty B. familiar

C. temporary D. apparent

36. A. list B. activity

C. motivation D. report

37. A. pretended B. claimed

C. imagined D. realized

38. A. ruled out B. dropped out

C. brought out D. worked out

39. A. surprised B. touched

C. promised D. concerned

40. A. Choosing B. Offering

C. Demanding D. Declining

【答案】

21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C

26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C

31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. B

36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A

【解析】

【分析】

本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲了作者在生活中总是不开心，认为自己没有完全发挥自己的潜力，没有达成世人的期待，一次公益活动让他领悟到了人要感恩，拥有感恩的态度让自己更快乐，充满喜悦。

【21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我一直饱受抑郁之苦。我对自己的生活似乎从来都不满意，尤其是当我把自己的生活和别人比较的时候。A. introduced介绍；B. compared比较；C. exposed暴露；D. applied应用。根据上文可知，作者对自己的生活不满意，由especially when结合常识可知，compare sth. to sth.是固定搭配，意为“把……和……作比较”，与题意相符，表示特别是与其他人的生活比较时，我对生活更不满意。introduce sb. to sth.把……介绍给……；expose sth. to sth.向……表示敬意；apply sth. to sth.把某物应用于某事物上，都不符合语境。故选B。

【22题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我常常觉得我既没有发挥出自己的潜力，也没有达到世人的期望。A. achievement成就；B. nature自然；C. potential潜力；D. patience耐心。根据空格18后的my talents, hobbies, faith等几处线索，可推知这里说明作者还没发挥出自己的潜力，故选C。

【23题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：所有人都被要求随机挑选一个，然后带到杂货店，在里面装上一些主要食品，捐赠给当地的慈善机构。A. randomly随机地；B. regularly定期地；C. alternatively二者选其一的；D. considerately体量地。根据下文的according to their categories可知，孩子们把这些袋子根据类别进行分类，可知这里是要求随机（randomly）选择袋子，而其他三项与题意不符，故选A。

【24题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有人都被要求随机挑选一个，然后带到杂货店，在里面装上一些主要的食物，捐赠给当地的慈善机构。A. returned返回；B. issued发行；C. allocated分配；D. donated捐献。根据上下文可知，因下文提到local charity，所以能推知此处是将食物捐献给慈善机构，故选D。

【25题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后在晚上，一组志愿者把装满食物的袋子放在教堂前面。A. circulated传达；B. addressed处理；寄给；C. filled装满；D. supplied提供。根据前文的fill them with some basic food items可知，孩子们将袋子里装满了食物，晚上志愿者将这些装满食物的袋子放在教堂前面。filled是过去分词，表示“被装满的”，作定语。故选C。

【26题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：活动中包括一张空白的表格，要求我们想100件我们要感谢的事情。A. credits积分；B. blanks空白；C. inspirations激励；D. suggestions建议。根据下文的“I filled in the list in four minutes”可知，作者拿到的是一张空白的表格，故选B。

【27题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个帮助我们注重感恩的练习。A. celebration庆祝；B. amusement娱乐；C. communication沟通；D. exercise（身体或脑力的）活动。根据下文“to help us focus on gratitude”可知，让我们想出100件我们感恩的事情填在一张纸上，是一种让作者和其他孩子们注重感恩的活动，其他选项不符合题意，故选D。

【28题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：无意中，我听到旁边的一些孩子在互相挑战，看谁能以最快的速度填满所有的100个。A. Accidentally偶然地；B. Furthermore此外；C. Otherwise否则；D. Necessarily必要地。一些孩子在挑战谁填的最快，没有作者，因此作者是偶然听到的。故选A。

【29题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：偶然地我听到旁边的一些孩子在互相挑战，看谁能以最快的速度填满所有的100个。A. remind提醒；B. challenge挑战；C. support支持；D. observe观察。根据下文to see who could fill in all 100 the fastest可知，看谁能以最快的速度填满所有的100个，故推知这是一场挑战，故选B。

【30题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我好胜天性驱使我用生活中感动我的那些情形去填充那些空白。A. sympathetic充满同情心的；B. creative有创造力的；C. competitive竞争的；好胜的；D. contradictory矛盾的。根据上文each other to see who could fill in all 100 the fastest可知，孩子们在挑战，这激发了作者争强好胜的天性，故选C。

【31题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我好胜的天性驱使我用生活中感动我的那些情形去填补那些空白。A. situation情形；处境；B. chance机会；C. promotion提升；D. awareness意识。根据上文asking us to think of 100 things we were thankful for可知，表格要求填写那些生活中感恩的事情，因此作者把生活中自己感恩的情形填在了空白处。 故选A。

【32题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我吃惊的是，在四分钟内我就填好了那张表格。A. disappointment失望；B. curiosity好奇心；C. advantage好处；D. astonishment惊讶。根据上下文可知，作者争强好胜的心促使了自己在四分钟内就填好了那张表格，作者本人也很惊讶，to one’s astonishment意为“令某人惊讶的是”，故选D。

【33题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我和其他人一起把这些袋子按类别分类以后，它们被捐赠给需要的人。A. distributing分布；B. clarifying澄清；C. sorting分类；D. decorating装饰。根据上文according to their categories可知，作者和孩子们要将袋子按类别分类（sort），故选C。

【34题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，我和其他人一起把这些袋子按类别分类以后。它们被捐赠给需要的人。A. rich富有的；B. needy贫困的；C. special特殊的；D. worried担忧的。根据上下文和常识可知，慈善机构是资助穷人的机构，the needy是the+形容词表示一类人的用法，意为“有需要的人、穷人”故选B。

【35题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：之后不久的一天,我发现自己陷入熟悉的抑郁这时候我记起来那种清单。A. guilty有罪的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. temporary暂时的；D. apparent显然的。根据第一段第一句I had suffered from depression.可知，作者又陷入到了自己熟悉的情绪中，故选B。

【36题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. list清单；B. activity活动；C. motivation动机；D. report报告。根据下文on that list可知，此处指的就是上文写信的自己感恩的100件事的清单。故选A。

【37题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿出它，通读了一遍，意识到我不仅有很多要感恩的事情而且我写在清单上的事情显现出我的天赋，爱好，信念还有特别让我感动的人。A. pretended假装；B. claimed宣称；C. imagined想象；D. realized意识到。根据上文I took it out and read through it 可知，作者通读清单后，意识到自己不仅有很多要感恩的事情，故选D。

【38题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. ruled out排除；B. dropped out辍学；C. brought out使显示；D. worked out计算出。根据下文的“my talents , hobbies, faith” 可知，这些清单上的内容也显示（brought out）出我的才能等。故选C。

【39题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我写在清单上的内容也显示了我的才能、信仰、以及那些深深感动过我的人。A. surprised使惊讶；B. touched触碰；C. promised许诺；D. concerned关心。清单上是我们感恩的事情，因此那清单上也显示出那些深深感动过自己的人，touch意为“感动、触动”故选B。

【40题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：选择一种感恩的态度让我更加快乐，让我充满了喜悦。A. Choosing选择；B. Offering提供；C. Demanding要求；D. Declining谢绝。此处是对全文的总结，根据下文made me more than happy and filled me with joy可知，作者选择了感恩，让自己的生活变得更有乐趣，故选A。

【点睛】做完型填空时，需要注意的是，做题时不能仅考虑每个空所在的句子，需要采用“瞻前顾后”的方法来做，如第2小题，I frequently felt I was not living up to either my own ___2___or the worlds expectations. 判断作者没能发挥出自己的潜力（potential），根据空格18空后的my talents, hobbies, faith等几处线索，可推知这里说明作者还没发挥出自己的潜力。由此可知，要有合理的推断，而不是凭空想象，没有根据。

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

After college I wanted to make a difference in the world, so I became a volunteer teacher and ___41___(send) to Namibia Honestly t my first choice wasn’t Africa? but I am extremely grateful that I had the chance. So with a group of ___42___(equal) eager young graduates? I went on my journey.

Schools were quite bare, and the students ___43___( have) tiring days, walking miles to get to school often barefoot. With their mountains ___44___ work at home, few ___45___ (possession) and little opportunity, these children were joyful ， which I admired.

This ___46___(be) my first time living abroad in a different culture, simply getting used to the living conditions was ___47___ big adjustment. I had no electricity, running water, phone or the Internet, imagine no air-conditioning at a place ___48___ the temperature often goes beyond 38 degrees Celsius! Some days it was just too hot to move.

However? I could end each day with a ___49___(glory) African sunset. And at night, I had a light-pollution-free view of the entire Milky Way. Before Namibia, I never thought I would survive in such an environment.

My experience awakened me to not only the limitations ___50___( place) on ourselves, but also our amazing ability to adapt. Stepping out of your comfort zone in another culture will certainly make your life worthwhile.

【答案】

41. was sent

42. equally

43. had

44. of

45. possessions

46. being

47. a

48. where

49. glorious

50. placed

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文。介绍作者大学毕业后到非洲当志愿者老师的经历，以及作者的感悟。

【41题详解】

考查时态和语态。句意：大学毕业后，我想改变世界，所以我成为了一名志愿教师，并被派往纳米比亚。语境叙述过去的经历，用一般过去时,主语I与谓语send为被动关系。故填was sent。

【42题详解】

考查副词。句意：那么，面对一群同样热切的年轻毕业生呢?所给词在句中修饰形容词eager，此时用副词equally表示“同样地"。故填equally。

【43题详解】

考查时态。句意：学校里光秃秃的，学生们整天都很累，常常光着脚走好几里路去上学。由“Schools were quite bare”可知，这里用一般过去时叙述过去发生的动作。故填had。

【44题详解】

考查介词。句意：家里堆积如山的工作、财富和机会都很少，这些孩子都很快乐，我很羡慕他们。这里用介词。mountains of构成的介词短语表示“堆积如山的工作”。故填of。

【45题详解】

考查名词复数。句意：家里堆积如山的工作、财富和机会都很少，这些孩子都很快乐，我很羡慕他们。few修饰名词复数形式。故填possessions。

【46题详解】

考查独立主格结构。句意：这是我第一次生活在一个不同的文化，仅仅适应生活条件是一个很大的调整。这里两个句子之间没有连词，因此这里使用独立主格结构，本空提示词与主语this之间为主动关系，因此填其ing形式。故填being。

【47题详解】

考查冠词。句意：这是我第一次生活在一个不同的文化，仅仅适应生活条件是一个很大的调整。这里表示“一个很大的适应过程”，表示泛指，且big首字母的发音为辅音因素，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。

【48题详解】

考查关系副词。句意：我没有电，没有自来水，没有电话，也没有互联网，想象一下在一个温度经常超过38摄氏度的地方没有空调!分析句子结构可知，这里place为先行词，后面的连接词在从句中作状语表示地点，因此填where。

【49题详解】

考查形容词。句意：然而，我可以用非洲壮丽的日落来结束每一天。这里用形容词glorious作定语表示“美丽的，灿烂的”。故填glorious。

【50题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：我的经历不仅让我意识到我们自身的局限性，也让我意识到我们惊人的适应能力。这里用过去分词作定语,表示“被安放在我们自己身上的限制”。故填placed。

第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

We are encouraged to be nice to other people. However, most people forget to be nice to environment. It is widely acknowledged; the importance of environmental protection can"t be ignored for the fact that we should make up the earth a good place to live on.

There are many ways to help reducing global warming. Walking is my preferring exercise, which I think is a good choice. If I had to go somewhere far away, I"ll take the public transportations. Additional, I try to encourage friends and families to do the same. It"s only when everyone does anything to help which we can hope to make a difference together.

【答案】1.environment前添加the

2.It→As

3.去掉up

4.reducing→reduce

5.preferring→preferred

6.had→have

7.transportations→transportation

8.Additional→Additionally

9.anything→something

10.which→that

【解析】

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有助于减少全球变暖的方法。

【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：然而，大多数人忘记了善待环境。environment此处为特指，表示“环境”应添加定冠词。故environment前添加the。

2.考查定语从句。此处为as引导的非限定性定语从句，as指代后面整句话的内容，意为“众所周知”，故It改为As。

3.考查动词。句意：人们普遍认为，我们应该使地球成为一个适宜居住的地方，因此环境保护的重要性不容忽视。本句中make是使役动词，意为“使”，make up是“组成；补足”的意思，不符合此处语境，故去掉up。

4.考查动词。根据短语help do sth.表示“帮助做某事”后跟动词原形，故reducing改为reduce。

5.考查非谓语动词。句意：散步是我最喜欢的运动，我认为这是一个很好的选择。此处修饰名词exercise应用形容词，表示“喜欢的”，故preferring改为preferred。

6.考查动词时态。根据后文I"ll take the public transportations.可知主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时表将来，主语为I，故had改为have。

7.考查名词。transportation为不可数名词，故没有复数形式，故transportations改为transportation。

8.考查副词。句意：此外，我还鼓励朋友和家人也这样做。修饰下文整个句子应用副词，表示“此外”。故Additional改为Additionally。

9.考查代词。句意：只有当每个人都有所帮助时，我们才有希望共同做出改变。anything用于否定句或疑问句中，此处为肯定句应用不定代词something，do something表示“做点什么”，故anything改为something。

10.考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句结构“it is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他”，本句中背强调部分为only when everyone does something to help，应用that。故which改为that。

【点睛】强调句结构

为了突出句子中的某一部分，我们通常会使用某种方法或手段使它突出，以便能引起他人的注意，这就是强调，与此相关的句子就是强调句。强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。其结构为it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他。

1、陈述句的强调句型

It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。

2、一般疑问句的强调句型，把is/ was提到it前面。

3、特殊疑问句的强调句型，被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分

4、not … until … 句型的强调句

句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分

普通句：He didn"t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.

强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till，until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not ... 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

如第十小题，分析句子结构可知此处为强调句结构“it is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他”，本句中背强调部分为only when everyone does something to help，应用that。故which改为that。

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

52.假设你是李华，为迎接即将来访的美国某中学生代表团，你校决定举办英语讲故事比赛。请你为校 英语报写一则通知，内容包括：

1. 比赛时间和目的；

2. 比赛内容中国传统文化故事；

3. 报名截止日期。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Notice

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Student Union

【答案】Notice

Our school has scheduled to launch an English speech competition next Monday. It"s meant as part of our plan to welcome the visiting American students, aimed to promote our awareness of the richness of Chinese traditional culture as well as improve our spoken English.

The speech should be focused on stories related to traditional Chinese culture. You can tell stories related to the origins of traditional festivals and some legends conceming Chinese culture. Anyone interested in it is supposed to sign up at our office by this Friday afternoon, which is the deadline we set for the event.

Student Union