「中考英语」花式“被动”(你最pick谁)
“七嘴八舌”说考情
山西:与“被动”君是老朋友了,相约每年见一次。时而身着“过去”的外套,时而身着“将来”的风衣,偶尔穿一次“情态动词”的马甲。不过小样,你以为你穿上马甲我就不认识你
江西:话不多说,“被动”大神,今年还是单项填空见,等风也等你哟~
河北:说来不怕在座的各位惭愧,我和“被动”平均每年见一两次,要么在单选,要么在词语运用。楼上要来battle一下吗?
安徽:这8年以来,我只有2014和2015年没有约到“被动”,原来跑你们那儿去了,终于解开了我心里的结!
云南:楼上的大佬们吓得我赶紧来了一段freestyle:也许“被动”对我不太熟悉,几年见一面也没有关系,云南还是对你保持耐心。
陕西:Peace!大家能不能像我一样,成熟一点儿。我每年必见“被动”大神,完形、短文填空都会见,我骄傲了吗?
河南:你会(做)还是不会(做),“被动”每年都在那单选或词语运用里,不离不弃。
说来说去还得练
1. More chances to learn from each other ______ for students by working in groups.
A. provide B. will provide
C. was provided D. are provided
(推荐江西、河北、安徽、云南、河南考生必做)
【点拨】第①步:分析句意。通过小组合作,将会为学生们______更多互相学习的机会。第②步:分析选项。provide一般现在时;will provide一般将来时;was provided一般过去时的被动语态;are provided一般现在时的被动语态。第③步:分析句子结构。谓语动词“provide”与主语“More chances”之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态。主语为“More chances”,谓语动词用复数形式。故选D。
2. Many people ______ that there would be a snowstorm next week.
A. tells B. told C.were told D. is told
(推荐江西、河北、安徽、河南考生必做)
【点拨】第①步:分析句意。很多人______下周将有一场暴风雪。第②步:分析选项。tells一般现在时;told一般过去时;were told一般过去时的被动语态;is told一般现在时的被动语态。第③步:分析句子结构。谓语动词“tell”与主语“Many people”之间为动宾关系,且宾语从句时态为过去将来时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
3. Food safety is very important. So some rules______to stop people from polluting food.
A. should make B. should be made
C.was made D. has been made
(推荐安徽、河南考生必做)
【点拨】第①步:分析句意。食品安全非常重要。所以一些措施______来阻止人们污染食物。第②步:分析选项。should make一般现在时;should be made含有情态动词的被动语态;was made一般过去时的被动语态;has been made现在完成时的被动语态。第③步:分析句子结构。谓语动词“make”与主语“rules”之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态。根据句意可知,此处是指“规则应该被制定”,应用情态动词“should”。故选B。
4. I plan to build an unusual house. It ______ out of waste materials.
A. is built B. has built
C.will be built D. builds
(推荐江西、河北、安徽、河南考生必做)
【点拨】第①步:分析句意。我计划建造一个不同寻常的房子。它______由废弃材料制成。第②步:分析选项。is built一般现在时的被动语态;has built现在完成时;will be built一般将来时的被动语态;builds一般现在时。第③步:分析句子结构。谓语动词“build”与主语“It”之间存在动宾关系,应用被动语态。根据句意可知此处表示还未发生的事情,应用一般将来时。故选C。
5. In order to make our hometown more beautiful, lots of trees______in the past three years.
A. are planted B. were planted
C. have been planted D. will be planted
(推荐安徽考生必做)
【点拨】第①步:分析句意。为了使我们的家乡更漂亮,很多树______在过去的三年里。第②步:分析选项。are planted一般现在时的被动语态;were planted一般过去时的被动语态;have been planted现在完成时的被动语态;will be planted一般将来时的被动语态。第③步:分析句子结构。谓语动词“plant”与主语“trees”之间存在动宾关系,应用被动语态。根据时间状语“in the past three years”可知应用现在完成时。故选C。
6. Hurry up! Once the concert starts, nobody ______(allow) to enter the concert hall.
(推荐山西、河北、陕西考生必做)
【点拨】第①步:观察语境,找到关键词“Hurry up!”可首先判断出本题的时态是一般现在时;第②步:分析语境“nobody”与“allow”之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填is allowed。
7. The speech competition______(regard) as a success. Many students joined it and they expressed their ideas as well.
(推荐山西、河北、陕西考生必做)
【点拨】第①步:观察语境,找到关键词“joined”,“expressed”可首先判断出本题的时态是一般过去时;第②步:分析语境“competition”与“regard”之间为动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填was regarded
专家秘招赶紧看
被动语态的使用情况
(1)当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,这时往往不用by 短语。如:
“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”
怀特先生,这只茶杯是下课后被打碎的。
(2)突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by 短语。如:
These records were made by John Denver.
这些报道是被约翰·丹佛做的。
被动语态中谓语动词的基本构成
be + done
被动语态的构成
(1)一般现在时:am / is / are + done。如:
①People grow rice in the south of the country.
→Riceis grown in the south of the country.
稻米在这个国家的南部被种植。
②The school doesn’t allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
→We are not allowedto enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
我们不被允许在没有老师的情况下进入化学实验室。
(2)一般过去时:was / were + done。如:
①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
→The building of a new car factory was agreed onlast month.
建立一个新的汽车工厂在上个月被一致同意。
②The students didn’t forget their lessons easily.
→Their lessons were not easily forgotten.
他们的功课没有被轻易遗忘。
(3)一般将来时:will + be done。如:
①They will send cars abroad by sea.
→Cars will be sentabroad by sea.
汽车通过海路被送到国外。
②She will take care of theses children.
→These children will be takencare of by her.
那些孩子将由她照顾。
(4)现在完成时:have / has + been + done。如:
①Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
→I have been toldthe sports meeting might be put off.
我已经被告诉会议可能会被延迟。
②He has brought his book here.
→His bookhas been brought here.
他的书被带到了这里。
(5)含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+ be+ done。如:
①You must hand in your compositions after class.
→Your compositions must be handed inafter class.
你的作文必须在下课之后被上交。
②He can write a great many letters with the computer.
→A great many letters can be writtenwith the computer by him.
很多信能够被他用计算机写。
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