过去分词作定语的用法小结及与动词不定式作定语的区别

作定语的过去分词相当于形容词,单个的过去分词常放在所修饰名词或代词之前。

The broken glass is Tom’s.被打破的玻璃杯是汤姆的。

She likes fried eggs. 她喜欢煎蛋。

Fried food is very indigestible. 油炸食物很男消化。

The main dish is a fried steak. 主菜是炸牛排。

We must adapt to the changed conditions. 我们必须适应改变了的情况。

及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表示完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表完成。

过去分词短语作定语时，一般放在其所修饰的名词或代词后面，相当于一个定语从句。如

During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages.

在文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的那一套。

held in the Middle Ages是过去分词短语，修饰those.

This is a school equipped with modern teaching equipment.

这是一所配有先进教学设施的学校。

He wanted to have an organization organized to help those in need.

他想成立一个组织来帮助那些有困难的人。

organized to help those in need作定语修饰organization。

The concert given by their friends was a success.他们的朋友举行的音乐会很成功。

given by their friends是过去分词短语，作定语修饰concert.

过去分词短语有时相当于非限制性定语从句，前后都有逗号。如

The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. （他们）举行了欢迎英雄的大会，有五千多人参加。

过去分词作定语时表示状态，或已完成的事情。

He is an advanced teacher. 他是个高级教师。

Did you see the car repaired by the young man? 你看见那个年轻人修的车了吗？

repaired by the young man作定语，修饰the car。

过去分词动词不定式作定语的区别

动词不定式作定语，表动作还没发生。如

Who is going to organize the party to be held next Friday?

谁来筹办将于下周五举办的聚会？

to be held发生在organize之后。

Not all the years will have information to be added. 不是所有的年份都有可补充的信息。

to be added动作还没有发生。