虚拟语气在宾语从句表语从句和同位语从句中的用法

1 宾语从句中的虚拟语气

主句中的动词表示要求建议命令或愿望等时，其后的宾语从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，可以省略。常见的此类动词有

一坚持 insist； 二 命令 order, command;三 要求demand, require, request；四建议suggest, advise, propose, recommend

He insisted that we(should) take care of the lovely dog.他坚持要求我们照顾那条可爱的狗。

The teacher demanded that the naughty boy (should) apologize.老师要求哪个顽皮的男孩道歉。

They propose that you (should) read the rules carefully. 他们建议你认真阅读规则。

当suggest表示“暗示，表明”,或insist表示“坚持认为（客观事实）”时，其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。

He insisted that he didn’t cheat in the exam. 他坚持说他没在考试中作弊。

wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气:对现在事实假设，wish that sb did；对过去事实假设，wish that sb had done/could have done;对将来事实假设，wish that sb would/could do.

I don’t know my teacher’s number but now I wish that I knew it. 我不知道老师的电话号码，但是现在希望我知道。

She failed to pass the driving test. She wished that she could have practised more /that she had practised more.她驾照考试又没通过，她希望她之前多加练习了。

would rather/ would sooner后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气:

1) would rather/would sooner sb did sth 宁愿某人现在或将来做某事（对现在将来虚拟） 2) would rather/would sooner sb had done sb宁愿某人做过某事

3) would rather/would sooner not have done sth宁愿（没)做过某事（实际正相反）注意这里不是宾语从句是动词不定式用法。

We’d rather he paid us the money next week.我们宁愿他下周付给我们钱。

I know nothing about the film. I would rather I had seen it.我不知道这部电影,我宁愿我看过。

I would rather I hadn’t met him 2 years ago. 我宁愿我两年前没见过他。= I would rather not have met him 2 years ago.

2表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气

主句中的名词表示要求建议命令或愿望时，表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。常见的有此类用法的名词有

一坚持insistence 二命令order, command 三要求demand, requirement, request 四建议suggestion,advice, proposal, recommendation

My suggestion that we (should) have a meeting has been accepted by others. 我的建议是我们开个会，这个建议被其他人接受了。

习题

1 I wish that I ____________________________________________(后天去拜访我奶奶）。

2 The teacher required the classroom _______(clean) at once.

3 My daughter wishes that she _______ (go) with me when I fly to Sydney next week.

4 He ordered that the students _________________________________(每周应该自己洗衣服）。

5 My suggestion is that we __________(listen) to VOA every morning to practise our English.

6 I would rather my daughter ______(stay) at home with me, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.

7 The order came that the work ______(finish) two days ahead of time.

8 I would rather my father ________ (give) up smoking.

9 Jenny feels upset today. I would rather not _____(tell) her the bad news yesterday.

10 She made the demand that the journalists ______(leave) at once.

11 The letters in her hand suggest he ______(be) to the post office.

12 It is her desire that the book _______(publish).

13 She made the demand that the journalists ______(leave) at once.

答案1 Ｉwould visit my grandma the day after tomorrow. 2 be cleaned 3 would/could go 4 wash the clothes every week by themselves.

5 listen 6 stayed 7 be finished 8 gave 9 have told 10 leave 11 has been 没用虚拟语气 12 be published 13 leave

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