现在完成时态的语法规则和例子（掌握这几点就够了）

Present Perfect Tense | Grammar Rules and Examples 现在完成时态|语法规则和例子

Learn how and when to use the Present Perfect Tensein English with examples. 通过示例了解如何以及何时使用英语现在完成时态。

Forming the Present Perfect Tense构成现在完成时

In English grammar, the present perfectis a combination of the present tense and perfect aspect that is used to express a past event that has present consequences. 在英语语法中，现在完成时是现在时态和完成时态的组合，用来表达具有现在结果的过去事件。

The structure of the Present Perfect: 现在完成时的结构:

Affirmative Sentence 肯定句Subject + have/has + past participle 主语+ have/has +过去分词

Example: 例子:

I have tried sushi before. 我以前吃过寿司。

Negative Sentence 否定句Subject + have not (haven’t)/has not (hasn’t) + past participle 主语+ have not (have not)/ have not (have not) +过去分词

Example: 例子:

I have not tried sushi before. 我以前没吃过寿司。

Interrogative Sentence 疑问句Have/Has + subject + past participle? Have/ Have +主语+过去分词?

Example: 例子:

Have you tried sushi before? 你以前吃过寿司吗?

How to Use the Present Perfect Tense 怎样使用现在完成时

The Present Perfect is used: 现在完成时一般用:

To express things you have done in your life 表达你在生活中所做的事情Examples: 例子:

I’ve been to England. 我去过英国。

She has never studied Japanese. 她从未学过日语。

To express number of times you have done something 表示你做某事的次数Examples: 例子:

I’ve been to Paris three times. 我去过巴黎三次。

How many times have you tried to call her? 你给她打了多少次电话?

To describe recently completed actions which are important now 描述最近完成的现在很重要的行动Examples: 例子：

I have some bad news. I’ve lost my job. 我有一些坏消息。 我失去了工作。

I can’t play football tonight – I’ve hurt my leg. 我今晚不能踢足球 - 我的腿受伤了。

To express situations that started in the past and are still true 表示过去开始的，现在仍然存在的情况Examples: 例子:

I’ve known James for 4 or 5 years. 我认识詹姆斯有四五年了。

She’s been the director of that company since 2007. 她从2007年开始担任那家公司的董事。

To describe unfinished actions or situations 描述未完成的行动或情况Examples: 例子:

I’ve known Julie for ten years. (I met her ten years ago and I still know her) 我认识朱莉有十年了。(我十年前见过她，现在还认识她)

We have lived here since 2004. 我们从2004年起就住在这里。

To express present result 表示现在的结果Examples: 例子:

I’ve lost my keys. 我把钥匙丢了。

John has missed the bus, so he’ll be late. 约翰没赶上公共汽车，所以他要迟到了。

Time Adverbs in Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时的时间副词

The present perfect tense is commonly used with the indefinite time adverbs (time expressions): 现在完成时通常与不定时间副词(时间表达式)连用:

Just [st] 这样的Already [l"red] 已经，早已；先前Yet [jet] 还；但是；已经For 为，为了；因为；给；对于；至于；适合于Since [sns] 因为；由于；既然；自…以来；自…以后Never ["nev] 从未；决不Ever ["ev] 永远；曾经；究竟Still [stl] 仍然；更；静止地…Present Perfect Tense | Picture 现在完成时|图