外研版高中英语必修第一册Unit6 At（one with nature重点单词语法）

一、重点词汇

1. sheet [it] n. (冰或水等的)一大片

The road was covered with a sheet of ice.

路面结了一层冰。

2. region ["ridn] n. 地区，区域

South Asia continues to be the most dynamic economic region in the world.

南亚仍然是世界上经济最活跃的地区。

3. therefore ["ef:] adv. 因此，由此

He’s only 17 and therefore not eligible to vote.

他只有17岁，因此没有投票选举的资格。

4. shallow ["l] adj. 浅的

These fish are found in shallow waters around the coast.

这些鱼生长在海边浅水水域。

5. prevent [pr"vent] v. 阻挡，防止

The accident could have been prevented.

这次事故本来是可以防止的。

6. design [d"zan] v. 设计

They asked me to design a poster for the campaign.

他们请我为这次运动设计一张海报。

7. agriculture ["ɡrklt] n. 农业

The number of people employed in agriculture has fallen in the last decade.

过去十年，农业从业人数已经下降。

8. replace [r"ples] v. 以……替换，更换

All the old carpets need replacing.

所有的旧地毯都需要更换。

9. material [m"tril] n. 材料

The builders ran out of materials.

建筑商用完了材料。

10. living ["lv] adj. 活的，活着的

He is one among the living men.

他是那些活着的人之一。

11. narrow ["nr] adj. 狭窄的，不宽的

There was only a narrow gap between the bed and the wall.

床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。

12. desert ["dezt] n. 沙漠，荒漠

Somalia is mostly desert.

索马里大部分地区都是荒漠。

13. climate ["klamt] n. 气候

Climate and weather affect every aspect of our lives.

气候和天气影响着我们生活的方方面面。

14. inside [n"sad] adv. 在(建筑物、房间)内

We had to move inside when it started to rain.

开始下雨了，我们只好躲进屋里。

15. publish ["pbl] v. 出版

They publish reference books.

他们出版参考书。

16. green fingers 高超的种植技能

You don’t need green fingers to fill your home with lush leaves.

不是园艺大师也可以把自己的家里装点得绿意盎然。

17. expert ["ekspt] adj. 内行的，专家的

We need some expert help.

我们需要一些内行的帮助。

18. branch [brɑnt] n. 树枝

The monkey leaps from branch to branch.

那猴子在树枝间跳来跳去。

19. limited ["lmtd] adj. 有限的

We are doing our best with the limited resources available.

我们利用可获得的有限资源，尽最大的努力。

20. benefit ["benft] n. 好处，益处

He couldn’t see the benefit of arguing any longer.

他看不出再争论下去有什么好处。

21. energy ["endi] n. 力量，活力

She"s always full of energy.

她总是充满活力。

22. system ["sstm] n. 系统

The system wastes a large amount of water.

这套系统浪费了大量的水。

二、常用表达方式

1. Introduce one to the class. 向全班同学介绍一个。

introduce…to... 向……介绍……

He introduced me to a Greek girl at the party. 他在聚会上介绍我认识了一位希腊姑娘。

2. How is your life influenced by it? 它是如何影响你的生活的？

(be) influenced by 受……影响

They start to be influenced by their peer group. 他们开始被他们的同龄人影响。

3. Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, shining in the spring sun. 想象一下，群山被银色

的水包裹着，在春日的阳光下闪闪发光。

(be) wrapped in 被……包裹

She was wrapped in a white blanket with blue stripes. 她被包裹在一条白色带有蓝色条纹的

毯子里。

4. Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. 夏天，群山葱绿，稻谷飘荡。

无生命名词+see/find/witness... ……经历/发生/见证/目睹……

有些动词，如see, find, witness等，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时“经

历、发生、见证、目睹”了某事。

The last ten years have witnessed great changes in our city. 我们的城市在过去的十年里发生

了巨大变化。

5. These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home. 这些

梯田是当地壮族人和瑶族人建造的，广西就是他们的家园。

be home to 是……的家乡/栖息地

Gombe was once home to about 150 chimpanzees in three communities. 贡贝曾经是三个群落

共约150只黑猩猩的家园。

6. Reaching as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains, often from the bottom to

the very top. 放眼望去，这些梯田覆盖着高山，经常从山底一直延伸到山顶。

(1) as far as the eye can see 极目所尽

There are pine trees as far as the eye can see. 放眼望去，除了松树还是松树。

(2)from the bottom to the very top 从底部到顶部

Each pyramid has a wide stairway which goes from the bottom to the very top. 每一座金字塔

都有条宽阔的楼梯从底部通到塔顶。

7. So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn entire mountains into terraces? 那么，为

什么这些人费尽周折把整片山变成梯田呢？

turn...into... 把……变成……

The greedy man wanted to turn everything into gold. 那个贪婪的人想把一切都变成金子。

8. Secondly, although the region has plenty of rain, the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow.

其次，尽管该地区雨水充足，但山势陡峭，土壤很浅。

plenty of 大量的(修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数)

We need plenty of fruit every day. 我们每天需要足够的水果。

9. The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away. 平坦的梯田

吸收雨水，防止土壤被冲走。

(1) prevent...from doing sth 阻止……做某事

He is prevented by law from holding a licence. 法律不准他持有执照。

(2) wash...away 把……冲走

This causes environmental damage when the topsoil is washed away by the rains. 雨水冲走

表层土壤会造成环境破坏。

10. But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with

nature to make these terraces and grow rice. 但也许最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处去开

垦梯田和种植水稻的方式。

in harmony with 与……协调

We must ensure that tourism develops in harmony with the environment. 我们必须确保旅游

的发展与环境相协调。

11. This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again. 这就形

成了云朵，雨水再次从云朵上落在山间的梯田里。

fall down onto 降落到……上

The vase fell down onto the table. 花瓶掉到了桌子上。

12. These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on

insects that can harm the rice crops. 这些梯田还为鸟儿和鱼提供了一个完美的环境，其中

一些以危害水稻作物的昆虫为食。

provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物

We are here to provide a service for the public. 我们来这里是为公众服务的。

13. In sentence (a), can we replace “in which” with “where” without changing the meaning? 在(a)

句中，我们可以在不改变句意的情况下用where替换in which吗？

replace...with... 用……替换……

It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks. 不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不

是什么好主意。

14. The English Channel separates England from France. 英吉利海峡把英国和法国分开。

separate...from… 把……和……分开

It is impossible to separate belief from emotion. 信仰和感情是分不开的。

15. In the Arctic, the temperature can reach as low as -70℃. 在北极，温度可低至-70℃。

as low as 低至……

Hotel occupancy has been as low as 40%. 酒店入住率最低达到40%。

16. Eating a lot of fish and meat keeps our bodies strong so that we can ___. 吃很多鱼和肉可以

使我们的身体强壮，这样我们就可以……。

so that引导目的状语从句。

so that 引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，从句中常含有may，might，can，could

等情态动词。

He got up very early so that he could catch the early bus. 他起得很早，以便能赶上早班公共

汽车。

so that还可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，从句中通常不用情态动词。

He got up very early so that he caught the early bus. 他起得很早，所以赶上了早班公共汽车。

17. The ____ makes it difficult for us to grow enough vegetables and fruit. ……使我们很难种

植足够的蔬菜和水果。

make + it + adj./n. + (for sb/sth) to do

it是形式宾语，后面的不定式是真正的宾语，it后的形容词或名词作宾补，for用于引出

不定式的逻辑主语。

The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier

for the vehicle to fly. 政府已经允许该公司使用特殊材料，以使车辆更容易飞行。

18. Talk about the differences between life in South China and North China. 谈论华南和华北生

活的差异。

differences between… ......之间的差异

There are many differences between Chinese and English. 汉语与英语之间存在很多区别。

19. Try to guess if you are not sure of the correct answers. 如果你不确定正确答案，试着猜一猜。

be sure of 确定

One thing I am sure of was that she was scared. 有一点我能肯定，那就是她当时被吓到了。

20. Today, millions of Brits like to say that they have “green fingers”, with around half the

population spending their free time gardening. 今天数以百万计的英国人喜欢说他们擅长园

艺，大约有半数的人把空闲时间花在园艺上。

spend some time (in) doing sth 花费时间做某事

I spend too much time watching television. 我看电视花的时间太多。

21. And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some

are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around

them. 虽然许多英国人最喜欢在星期天除草，但也有一些人喜欢坐在树枝下欣赏周围世

界的美景。

nothing better than... 没有什么比……更好的了

There"s nothing better for you than plenty of water and sleep. 你最好多喝水多休息。

“否定词+(形容词或副词)比较级”表达最高级含义。

It can’t be less interesting. 这无聊极了。

It is not a better idea. 这是再好不过的办法了。

22. But in cities, limited space has led to people looking for new solutions. 但是在城市里，有限

的空间促使人们寻找新的解决方案。

lead to sb doing sth 导致某人做某事

The existence of more than one agency to intervene can lead to children falling through the net. 多个部门都可干预的事实可能会导致一些孩子被遗漏。

23. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things. 那些房屋

没有外部空间的人们，可以租用小块土地来种植作物。

介词+关系代词+带to的不定式

句中on which to grow things是“介词+关系代词+带to的不定式”结构，作定语，修饰

land，相当于定语从句on which they can grow things。

He would like to find a house in which to live. 他想找一所房子住。

24. As well as being good for the environment, gardening is also good for the soul. 园艺不仅有

利于环境，而且也陶冶性情。

(1) as well as 也，还，连同

They visited some factories, hospitals as well as the school. 他们参观了这所学校，还参观了

工厂和医院。

(2) be good for 对……好

They argued all the time and thought it couldn"t be good for the baby. 他们一直在争论，认为

这对孩子肯定不好。

25. And if you’re in any doubt about this, take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret

Garden: “Where you tend a rose... A thistle cannot grow.” 如果你对此有任何疑问，请花点

儿时间来反思一下《秘密花园》中的这句话：“在你种下玫瑰的地方……刺蓟草就不能生

长。”

(1) if (you’re) in doubt 如(你)有疑问

If (you are) in doubt, you may ask our teacher. 如果有疑问，你可以问我们的老师。

(2) reflect on 认真思考，反思

The start of a new year is a good time to reflect on the many achievements of the past. 新年伊

始是反思过去一年诸多成就的好时机。

26. Often, a topic sentence comes at the beginning of a paragraph; sometimes, it appears in the

middle or at the end. 主题句通常出现在段落的开头，有时出现在中间或结尾。

at the beginning of 在……的开始/开头

The wedding will be at the beginning of March. 婚礼定于三月初举行。

27. With pleasant flavours and scents, and coming in a variety of colours, fruit and herbal teas make a nice change to traditional teas. 水果茶和香草茶味道宜人，气味芬芳，五颜六色，是传统茶的一个很好的变化。

a variety of 各种各样的......

A variety of heavy industries grew up alongside the port. 各种重工业沿着港口逐渐发展起来。

28. Many people enjoy herbal tea because it can have positive effect on energy levels. 许多人喜

欢草香茶，因为它对能量级有积极的影响。

have a positive effect on 对……有积极影响

These developments will have a positive effect on the stability of our financial market. 这些

发展将对金融市场的稳定产生积极的影响。

29. things you deal with the local environment 应对当地环境需要的物品

deal with 应对，应付，处理

I have no way yet as to how to deal with such a complicated situation. 我还没有办法处理这

样复杂的情况。

deal with还可表示“涉及，论及；和……做生意”。

We deal with many customers. 我们与许多客户有生意往来。

30. 定语从句：——“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

(1) “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词通常是which和whom，which指物，

whom指人。

This is the clinic in which I worked for three years. 这就是我在里面工作了3年的诊所。

Do you know the teenager about whom they are talking? 你知道他们正在谈论的那个青少

年吗？

(2) “介词+which”在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语，分别相当于关系副词when,

where, why。

She still remembers the day on which (=when) she graduated from university. 她仍旧记着她

大学毕业的那一天。

He showed us around the courtyard in which (=where) a famous poet once lived. 他带我们参

观了一位著名诗人曾经住过的庭院。

Can you tell me the reason for which (= why) you are rude to your schoolmate? 你能告诉我

你对你同学粗鲁的原因吗？

(3)“不定代词/数词/名词等+of which/whom”通常引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中一

般作主语。

He has ten cousins, the youngest of whom is clever. 他有十个堂兄弟，最小的那个很聪明。

(4)“介词+whose”修饰后面的名词。

This is Professor Wang, in whose class I learn a lot about English literature. 这就是王教授，

我在他的课堂上学到了很多有关英国文学的知识。

(5) “介词+关系代词”中介词的确定：一先二动三意义。

①一先：依据先行词的搭配习惯来确定。

I remember the day on which I had my money lost and was starving.

我记得我把钱丢了而且饿坏了的那天。

②二动：依据定语从句中动词的搭配习惯来确定。

This is the curtain for which I paid 100 yuan. /This is the curtain on which I spent 100 yuan.

这就是我花100元钱买的窗帘。

③三意义：根据从句表达的意思来确定。

Patience is a kind of quality, without which you can"t work well.

耐心是一种品质，没有它你不能把工作做好