英语语法专题126:让步状语从句
什么是让步状语从句?
在句中充当让步状语的从句称为让步状语从句。
让步状语从句既可置于主句之前,也可置于主句之后。
引导让步状语从句的连词有although、though、even if、even though、whether...or...、whether (...) or not、while、whatever、no matter what/how/why等。
(一)though/although等
Although和though意义一样,都作“虽然,即使”解,都表示让步,一般情况下可互换使用,只是although语气较重,大多置于句首。Though/although引导让步状语从句时,主句若用yet或still引出,更加强调对比性,但不可出现but。有时也用倒装句型。在as though、even though中一般不可用although代替。同时although不可当副词用,而though可以。
例句:They are generous though they are poor.
虽然他们很穷,但他们很慷慨。
例句:Although he is rich,yet he is not happy.
虽然他很富有,但是他并不快乐。
例句:Though a lie may be well dressed,it is ever overcome.
即使谎言被修饰地再好,到头来总会被揭穿。
(二)even though/even if引导的让步状语从句
这两个短语表示语气更强的让步,常常意为“再退一步说”。Even though更加强调对“既成事实”的让步,even if更强调对“假设”的让步。
例句:I"ll get there even if/even though I have to walk all the way.
即使得一路走着去,我也要走到那里。
例句:Even if he is poor,she loves him.
即使他很穷,但她还是爱他。
(=He may be poor,yet she loves him.)
例句:Even though he is poor,she loves him.
尽管他很穷,但她还是爱他。
(=He is poor,yet she loves him.)
(三)as引导的让步状语从句
As表示“让步”时常用倒装。倒装时若有带冠词的名词,冠词需要省去。As的这种用法与though倒装时的用法完全一致,although不可这样用。As引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现,被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形。
例句:Urgent as/though the message is,it is impossible to send it there in time.
消息很紧急,但不可能及时送到。
(=Though the message is urgent,it is impossible to send it there in time.)
例句:Child as/though he was,he faced the dangerous situation calmly.
尽管还是个孩子,但他能冷静地面对危险情况。
(=Though he was a child,he faced the dangerous situation calmly.)
例句:Much ashe loves his daughter,he is strict with her.
他很爱女儿,但对她管教很严。
例句:Object as you may,I"ll go.
纵使你反对,我也要去。
(=Though/Although you may object,I"ll go.)
(四)whether...or.../ whether (...) or not引导的让步状语从句
Whether...or... / whether (...) or not表示“不论是否......”,“不管是......还是......”之意。由这一个复合连词引导的让步状语从句旨在说明正反两个方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。
例句:Whether you believe it or not,it"s true.
无论你是否相信,这都是真的。
例句:I"ll marry him whether he is poor orrich.
不管他是穷还是富我都要和他结婚。
(五)while引导的让步状语从句
While也可以引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管(部分承认......是事实)”,比though/although语气弱。While引导的让步状语从句一般要位于句首。
例句:While she is a likeable girl,she can be extremely difficult to work with.
她虽然是一个可爱的姑娘,但有时很难与她共事。
例句:While I understand what you say,I can"t agree with you.
虽然我理解你的意思,但我还是不同意。
(六)wh-ever类词引导的让步状语从句
在英语中,wh-ever类词可作主句的疑问词,也可引导名词性从句,还可引导让步状语从句。一般没有whyever的用法,同时whether本身就代替了whetherever的形式。这类词在引导让步状语从句时常可换成no matter+相应的wh-词,在引导名词性从句时只能用wh-ever。
例句:Whatever you say,I won"t believe you.
不论你说什么,我都不会相信。
(=No matter what you say,I won"t believe you.)
例句:Whenever I"m unhappy,it is my friend who cheers me up.
不管什么时候我不高兴,总是我的朋友使我振作起来。
(=No matter when I"m unhappy,it is my friend who cheers me up.)
例句:I"ll wait for you however late it is.
不管多晚我都会等着你。
(=I"ll wait for you no matter howlate it is.)
例句:Whoever wants to speak to me on the telephone,tell him I"m busy.
不管谁打电话找我,告诉他我很忙。
(=No matter whowants to speak to me on the telephone,tell him I"m busy.)
注意!“No matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句,而wh-ever类词还可以引导名词性从句。
例句:Whatever (=No matter what) happened,he would not mind.
(whatever引导让步状语从句)无论发生什么,他都不会介意。
例句:I"ll take whoever (≠no matter who) wants to go.
(whoever引导宾语从句)谁想去我就带谁去。
例句:Whoever (≠no matter who) comes will be welcome.
(whoever引导主语从句)不管谁来都会受到欢迎。
以上就是“让步状语从句”的内容,咱们一定要结合例句学习句法和语法,这样更容易理解和实操英语!
后面有更多英语专题内容分享给大家,感兴趣的朋友可以点击“关注”。
欢迎各位留言讨论,或者收藏,或者转发给身边的亲朋好友,大家一起学习、共同进步。
学好英语并不难,听说读写重复练!坚持就会有提高,加油!