中考英语重难点之最（一览无余就近原则与就远原则学习毫不费力）
一、英语重难点就近原则：
也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。
I.在正式文体中：
1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：
"there be＋句型;
or ;
either …or；
nor;
neither…nor；
whether…or；
not…but;
not only…but also" ;
等。e.g.
①What he does or what he says does not concern me .
他的行为或言谈都与我无关。
②Neither you nor I am wrong .你和我都没错。
③Not you but your father is to blame .
不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。
④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .
不仅你错了，他也错了。
2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。e.g.
①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people .
在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。
②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .
桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。
II. 非正式文体中：
有时依“就近一致原则”，
但也可依“意义一致原则”或严格地依“语法一致原则”。
e.g.
Neither she nor I were there
(意义一致) 我和他当时都不在那儿。（非正式）
Neither she nor I was there .
（就近一致）（译文同上句）（正式）
但是，如果依“就近一致原则”而与其他两项原则相矛盾时，
则常常认为是不太合符规范的。
e.g.No one except his own supporters agree with him .
仅他自己的支持者同意他的意见。
（依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；
但语法上，“No one ”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees”。
“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。
二、英语就近原则短语
1.There be 句型
There is a book and some pencils on the desk.
=There are some pencils and a book on the desk.
2.neither...nor...
Neither you nor he is right. = Neither he nor you are right.
3.either...or...
Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday.
= Either Jim or they are going to shanghai next Saturday.
4.not only...but also...
Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.
= Not only Ann"s parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.
三、就远原则
谓语动词与前面主语一致
代表词汇：
as well as；
（together/along）with；
rather than；
except；
besides；
but；
including；
in addition to；
apart from
e.g：He rather than I is right.
Nobody but two students is in the classroom.