「英语语法」三分钟知道过去进行时跟过去将来时的区别
大家好,我是教课蚪英语的Tim老师,今天我们将学习过去进行时跟过去将来时的区别。
过去进行时
首先我们先来看几个句子来了解一下过去进行时。
用括号中单词的适当形式填空。
1. -- What was your mother doing when you arrived home yesterday?
-- When I arrived at home yesterday, she was cooking (cook) a meal.
(首先通过问句知道是“昨天”,时态是过去。“当我回家时她正在做饭”,也就是说我到家的那个时间点她正在做饭,在过去的某个时间点发生的事要用过去进行时。)
2.-- What was your father doing when you were doing homework yesterday?
-- While I was doing my homework yesterday, he was watching (watch) television.
(“当我在做作业时,爸爸在看电视。” 在过去某个时间段同时发生的两个动作,其中一个用了过去进行时另一个也用的过去进行时。)
一、谓语的构成:was/were +v-ing。
二、用法:
1.表示过去某个时间点正在发生的动作,常与then, at that time, at that moment, this time yesterday, at ... o’clock yesterday等搭配使用;
2.表示过去某一段时间持续发生的动作,但说话时动作不一定正在进行;
3.某个短暂性动作发生的背景;
4.与频率副词连用表示一种喜欢或讨厌的情绪;
5.口语里表示一种委婉客气的语气,表示现在的情况。比如:I was wondering if you could give me a lift.
三、练习
按要求改写句子:
1. She was driving to Londonwhen it began to rain.(对划线部分提问)
Where was she driving when it began to rain?
(解析:划线部分地点,对地点提问用where,然后将剩余部分变成一般疑问句,也就是要把was给提前 )
2. She was working on the farm at twelve yesterday.(改为否定句)
She was not working on the farm at twelve yeaterday.
(解析:过去进行时变否定时直接在was、were后加not.)
3.I did my homework yesterday.(用at this time yesterday改写句子)
I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.
(解析:at this time yesterday 是表示过去进行时的时间状语,过去进行时谓语的结构是were/was +doing )
4.The bus left. I bought the ticket.(用when连接两个句子)
The bus left when I was buying the ticket.
中、高考链接:
1.(2019, 天津,31)While the lights _______ to red, a car suddenly appeared round the corner.
A. change B. have changed C. were changing D. will change
(解析:排除法,从句中appeared 知道是过去的时态,先排除A、D, B选项是现在完成时,它强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响,但是句子中并没有表达“现在”,所以选C.)
2.(2019,河南,26)-- Jim, could you please answer the question?
-- Sorry, I ________. Could you say it again?
A. wasn’t listening B. don’t listen C. am not listening D. won’t listen
(解析:句意是:你能回答这个问题吗? 对不起,我刚才没有听,你能再说一遍吗? 根据句意就可理解出答案了。选A.)
3.(2018,北京,8)-- Paul, what were you doing at nine last night?
-- I _________ a movie in the cinema with my friends.
A. was watching B. watch C. have watched D. will watch
(解析:at nine last night 是过去的一个时间点,在这个时间点所发生的动作用过去进行时。选A)
4.(2018, 天津, 30)Tony was drawing a picture ________ I was doing my homework.
A. if B. because C. while D. until
(解析:句意是:当我正在做作业时Tony 正在画画。选C)
5.(2017 上海,35)Some exchange students _______ with their host students this time yesterday.
A. are chatting B. will chat C. were chatting D. have chatted
(解析:this time yesterday 是过去的一个时间点,在过去时间点发生的动作用过去进行时,选C。)
6.(2016, 北京高考第二部分 21)Jack ____ in the lab when the power cut occurred.
A. works B. has worked C. was working D. would work
(解析:when the power cut occurred, “当停电时候”,occurred 是过去,所以这是发生在过去的一个时间点,用过去进行时,选C.)
过去将来时
我们还是通过例句去熟悉一下过去将来时。
用括号中单词的适当形式填空。
1. Miss Zhang said she would visit (visit) the Great Wall next summer.
(解析:看到next summer很多人就直接认为要用一般将来时,我们看看主语的谓语动词said,这表示过去,所以在过去立场上所说的“将来”要用过去将来时。同样的思路大家理解一下下面3个句子)
2. She told him that shewouldn’t stay (not stay) here for long.
3. She said the bus would leave (leave) at five the next morning.
4. I wasn"t sure whether he would lend (lend) me his book the next morning.
一,谓语的构成:
1. would +动词原形.
他说他要来看我。 He said he would cometo see me.
他告诉我他将去北京。 He told me he would go to Beijing.
2.were /was going to+动词原形.
她说她即将出发。She said she was going to set outat once.
3. 某些如come, go, leave, arrive, start等严格按照时间表发生的表起止的动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。(在这可回忆一下学习现在进行时的时候这几个词的用法,可以用它们的现在进行时表示一般将来时,同理这几个词的过去进行时也可以表示过去将来时。)
比如:
他说火车第二天早晨出发。He said the train was leavingat six the next morning.
她告诉我她要来看我。 She told me she was coming to see me.
二、用法
表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。 过去将来时的出发点是过去,即从过去某一时刻看以后要发生的动作或状态。
比如:
(1)我不知道他是否会来。
I didn"t know if he would come.=I didn’t know whether he would come or not.
(2)她昨天告诉我们,如果外面下雨的话,她就不和我们一起去了。Yesterday, she told us that she wouldn’t gowith us if it rained.
有错误或者疑问欢迎在评论区指正,我会在评论区等你。
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