雅思考试作文类型（二）

Okay, so we"re going to look at basic things to keep in mind when you"re writing these essays, but the main thing I want to make very clear to everybody: Don"t look for a template for the essay. Every question will require its own approach, its own way of looking at the topic, at the question and the issue, debate, whatever it is, and you have to approach each essay on its own.

好的，所以当你写这些文章的时候，我们会考虑一些基本的东西，但是我想要告诉大家的最主要的事情是:不要寻找模板。每个问题都需要特定的方法，特定看待这个话题的方式。问题和困难，辩论，不管它是什么，你必须自己处理每一篇文章。

Don"t look for a template that you can try to apply to every question because you can"t. Every type of question has its own approach, every type of. . .

要找一个你可以试着应用于每个问题的模板，因为你做不到。每一种问题都有自己的方法，每种类型的……

Every hybrid, for example, has different ways to do it. There"s no one right way to write an essay.

例如，每种混合问题都有不同的方法去解决。写文章没有一种正确的方法。

There"s only one right way to express your ideas, that"s what you try to figure out how to do.

只有一种正确表达你的想法的方式，

Right? But the more you practice, the better feel you get for these essays, and you"re able to approach any question with the right things.

这就是你想知道怎么做的。对吧?但是你练习得越多，你就越能感觉得到这些文章，而且你就可以用正确的方法来解决任何问题。

But having said all of that, a few things to keep in mind. If you"re asked for an opinion, make sure you give an opinion in the introduction: " I agree that" or " I agree with" , " I believe that" , " In my opinion this is the right way" .

但说了这么多，有几件事要记住。如果你被要求发表意见，一定要在引言中给出建议:"我同意"或"我同意"，"我相信"，"在我看来，这是正确的方式"。

Make sure you do this. Now, you don"t have to use " I" , again, I mentioned this before, but if you"re not sure how to make your opinion very clear to the reader, just tell it to them very directly.

一定要这样做。现在，你并不必须再用"我"了，我之前提到过，但如果你不知道如何让读者明白你的观点，直接告诉他们。

" I agree" , " I believe" , " In my opinion" , etc. Now, how are you going to build your argument basically in your body paragraphs?

"我同意"、"我相信"、"在我看来"等等。那么，你要如何在你的主体段落中建立你的论点呢?

Start with your strong argument first in the body paragraph, try to focus only on the side you"re arguing for. So if you agree with side A, spend the time and the words in body paragraph one to convince

先从你的有力论点开始，在正文段落，试着只关注你认可的一方。所以，如果你同意A的观点，把时间和单词放在body段落里，

the reader that side A is a good side to choose. In side B, in body paragraph two when you"re looking at side B, start with a concession.

让读者相信A面是一个好的选择。在B部分，当你B讨论的时候，从让步开始。

What this means. . . And talk about side B. What are some good points about the other side?

这意味着什么……谈谈b方，对方的优点是什么?

But make sure it"s short, and make sure you turn it right back around and continue to arguing. . . To argue for your side.

但是要确保它是短的，确保你把话题转回来继续讨论……为你的一方辩护。

By the end of it, by the time you get to the conclusion it should be very clear what your opinion is and why you had it.

到最后，当你得出结论的时候，应该非常清楚你的 观点以及你为什么选择它。

Right? Now, a lot of ways to play with this, but this is the general approach you"re going to be taking: If they"re not asking you for an opinion, don"t give one.

知道了吗？现在，有很多方法来解决这个问题，但这是你将要采取的一般方法:如果他们没有征求你的意见，不要写。

Again, you can say: " This essay will look at" , " discuss" whatever topic you"re looking at or discussing. " There are several ways to fix pollution, as this essay will demonstrate" .

之后，你可以说:"这篇文章将会关注"，"讨论"你正在看的任何话题。"有几种方法可以解决污染问题，正如这篇文章所展示的那样。"

So basically you"re telling the reader: " What is the objective? What is the purpose of the essay" ?

所以基本上你是在告诉读者:"主体是什么？这篇文章的目的是什么？"

It"s to deliver information or to describe something, or to outline a process, etc. Now, you don"t have to be very obvious either.

它是传递信息或描述某事，或描述一个过程，等等。

Right? You don"t have to say: " This essay will discuss" .

现在，你也不必表现得目的明确。对吧?你不必说:"这篇文章将会讨论"。

If you know how to write a sentence that makes it very clear to the reader that this is what the objective of the essay is, do that. Okay?

如果你知道如何写一个句子让读者明白这就是文章的目的，那么就这么做。知道了吗？

" Though there are several reasons for the high-crime rate in the inner cities, the. . . This particular situation seems to be the most pertinent" , or " the most obvious" , or " the most common" .

"尽管有几个原因导致犯罪率居高不下，但是……"这种特殊情况似乎是"最恰当的"，或者是"最明显的"，或者是"最常见的"。

As soon as you say that, I understand that this is what you"re going to be talking about. Right?

一旦你这么说，我就明白了。这就是你要谈论的话题。对吧?"有几个原因，但这是最重要的一个。"

" There are several reasons, but this is the most important one" . It doesn"t mean I think so, it"s obvious, it"s clear.

这并不意味着我也这么认为，很明显。"在这里，我将给你一些支持这一观点的信息或理由。"

" Here, I"m going to give you some information or some reasons to support this observation" . Not opinion, observation.

没有意见,只是观察。正文第一段，原因一;正文第二段，原因二。

Body paragraph one, reason one; body paragraph two, reason two. Body paragraph one, advantage one; body paragraph two, disadvantage one.

正文第一段，优势一;正文第二段，缺点一。好处，坏处，比较，衡量。

Benefit, drawback, compare, contrast. Okay?

知道了吗？所有这些都很简单。

All of these things are very straightforward. Paragraph one, one thing; paragraph two, the second thing; conclusion, therefore all of these things support the idea that this is the more important aspect, or reason, or whatever you"re discussing.

第一段，第一部分;第二段，第二部分;结论，因此所有这些东西都支持这一观点，即这是更重要的方面，或原因，或其他什么你讨论的问题。这些不是模板。

Now, these are not templates. Don"t think of this as a template.

不要把它当作模板。不要在每次撰写客观性论文时都这样做。

Don"t do this every time you have an essay about. . . That"s not an opinion.

这不是一种观点。知道了吗？

Okay? Sometimes you"ll have to do it in different ways.

有时你需要用不同的方法来写。好吗？

Okay? Compare, contrast.

比较,对比。你可以在正文第二段中进行比较和对比，你也可以在正文第二段同时比较和对比另一个方面。

You can compare and contrast one aspect in body paragraph two, you can compare and contrast another aspect in body paragraph two. Paragraph one, paragraph two.

第一段，第二段。你可以两个方面一块写，也可以一个一个写。

You can do both and both, you can do one and one. Lots of ways to do it.

很多方式。最重要的是:不要发表意见，要确保读者理解文章的目的，然后以非常明确的方式组织你的支持观点。

The main thing is: Don"t give an opinion, make sure the reader understands the objective of the essay, and then organize your ideas in a very clear way to support that. Give your opinion, make sure that the reader understands why you have this opinion, and that they believe. . .

给出你的观点，确保读者理解你为什么有这种观点，并且他们相信……相信你支持这个观点，知道了吗？

That you believe this opinion. Okay?

我们要看一下混合型论文，因为它们有一点不同。有很多方法去写。

We"re going to look a little bit at the hybrid ones because they"re a little bit different. Lots of ways to approach it.

来看看一些思路。好的，让我们看最后一个，混合型。

Let"s look at some ideas. Okay, let"s look at the last one, the hybrid.

"讨论双方的意见"或"讨论两件事，并给出你自己的意见"。嗯哼？

" Discuss both opinions" or " Discuss both things, and give your own opinion" . Right?

所以现在，你要做的，你必须…在你的论文中，在你的引言中，你必须清楚地告诉我，有两个方面，你要选择一个。

So, now, what you have to do, you have to. . . In your thesis, in your introduction you have to make it clear to me that there are two sides and that you choose one over the other.

所以，实际上我要…"在学校穿校服有利有弊。"

So, actually I"m going to. . . " There are pros and cons to wearing uniforms in school" .

如果论文是:"学生应该在学校穿校服吗"?所以:"尽管我认为学生应该每天穿校服，但这是有利有弊的。"

If the essay is: " Should students wear uniforms in school" ? So: " There are pros and cons to wearing a uniform, though I believe that students should wear them every day" .

一个例子。所以当你告诉我有赞成和反对的时候，你记得把它放在引言中。

Okay, just as an example. So as soon as you tell me there are pros and cons, remember you put it in the introduction.

作为一个读者，我希望在正文里看到正反两面。知道了吗？

As a reader I"m expecting to see the pros and cons in the body. Right?

这就是为什么先写出来。所以这就是你们讨论的方面:"讨论双方"，正反两个面。

That"s why you put it here. So that is your discuss aspect: " Discuss both" , because pros, cons, both sides.

现在，只要你相信了其中一个，你就要给我你的意见。知道了吗？

Now, as soon as you believe one over the other, then you"re giving me your opinion. Okay?

很直白。现在，你打算如何分割你的想法?

Very straightforward. Now, how are you going to split up your ideas?

正文第一段，讨论两件事。讨论正反两面，需要简洁一点。

Body paragraph one, discuss both things. Discuss the pros, discuss the cons, obviously very briefly.

这是短文，你不需要给我那么多的信息。给我一个正面观点，给我一个反对观点，但马上开始倾向于你选择的那个。

These are short essays, you don"t need to give me that much information. Give me one pro, give me one con, but right away start to lean to the one you"re choosing.

好吗？如果你认为学生应该穿校服，那就应该穿校服。确保最后一句话或最后几句话，向读者暗示这是你所选择的。

Right? If you"re believing that there are more pros than cons, that students should wear uniforms, make sure that the last sentence or the last couple of sentences give me, as the reader, a hint that that"s what you"re choosing.

然后在正文第2部分，完全支持这个选择，并提及一个或两个与另一方面有关的观点。不要花太多的时间讨论另一边，只是简短地提及就好。

And then in body paragraph two fully support that choice and make maybe one or two mentions to the other side. Don"t spend too much time going back to the other side, just make a very short mention about the other side.

所以:"被迫穿校服的学生不必每天早上都做决定要穿什么，尽管有些人说做决定有利于孩子的成长。"但不需要在做出选择上花时间的话就能帮助他们把更多的时间花在学习上。"

So: " Students who are forced to wear uniforms don"t have to make decisions every morning, although some people say that making decisions is good for a child"s development. But not having to make the choices helps them spend more time concentrating on school" .

所以，我提到了另一边，然后我很快回到了我选择的那一边，我继续支持我的选择。

So, I mention the other side, and then quickly I come back to the side I"m choosing and I continue to support my choice. And then in the conclusion, again: " There are benefits and drawbacks, but I believe that.

然后在结论中，再说一次:"有好处也有缺点，但我相信……"但不要说:"我相信"。

. " .

"有好处也有缺点，但很明显，穿校服对学生有更多好处。"知道了吗？

Actually don"t say: " I believe" . " There are benefits and drawbacks, but it"s clear that wearing uniforms help the students more" .

再强调一次，有不同的方法，非常…对于这类问题有很多不同的方法去写，但是要记住没有模板。

Okay? Again, very different ways to do this, very. . .

弄清楚你到底需要做什么，并确保你能做到。如果你需要给出意见，那就写;如果你不需要，不要写;如果你需要讨论并给出一个，两者都要写。好吧?

A lot of different approaches to these types of questions, but keep in mind there"s no template. Figure out exactly what you need to do and make sure that you do it.

特别要注意两个部分的问题。有时是两个问题，不需要意见的问题，有时是一个描述型问题和一个观点型问题。

If you need to give an opinion, give it; if you need to not give one, don"t give one; if you need to discuss and give one, do both. Okay?

它是非意见型还是混合型?要非常小心。

Especially be careful with the two-part questions. Sometimes it"ll be two questions that don"t ask for an opinion, sometimes it"ll be one question for description, one question for an opinion.

在www.engvid.com上有一个小测试，我要确保你们能理解这些东西。如果你喜欢本视频，点个赞。

Is it non-opinion or is it a hybrid? Be very careful about that.

如果你有任何问题，请访问www.engvid.com，那里有一个论坛，你可以问任何你想问的问题。订阅我的频道。

There is a quiz on www. engvid. com where I make sure you guys understood all this stuff. Like the video if you liked it, please.

希望我会很快回来，用更多的优质课程来帮助你们学习雅思。

And if you have any questions, please go to www. engvid. com, there"s a forum there, you can ask any questions you like. And subscribe to my channel.

再会。

And hopefully I"ll come back soon with more good lessons to help you with your IELTS. See you then.

Bye-bye.